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ROCHESTER UPON MED WAY CITY ARCHIVES CH.108 RECORDS OF THE HOSPITAL OF SIR JOHN HAWKINS KT. IN CHATHAM (1500) 1594-1987 DE.18 Transferred from the Guildhall Museum, Rochester on permanent loan from Lt. Cdr. H. Blease, Dep. Governor of Hawkins' Hospital, 2nd April 1990. DE.322 Transferred from the Guildhall Museum, Rochester on permanent loan as above 21st December 1993 (originally deposited with Eastgate House Museum, Rochester, 1914). NB: works cited in the introduction are listed in full in the bibliography enclosed. NBI: the introduction to this list is not intended as an exhaustive or definitive monograph in any respect and serves only as an explanatory guide and background to the collection. 1
Sir John Hawkins HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION CH.108 Hawkins was born in Plymouth, Devon in 1532, the younger son of William Hawkins, an experienced navigator and merchant known to Richard Hakluyt. William Hawkins was also a prominent citizen of Plymouth where he served as Mayor 1532-1533 and 1538-1539 and which he represented in Parliament in 1539. John Hawkins' elder brother William was also Mayor of Plymouth 1578-1579. John Hawkins was therefore brought up in an established seafaring and mercantile family and may also have gained military skills with his father privateering in the English Channel. After his own voyages to the Canaries, Teneriffe, Guinea in West Africa and Portugal, Hawkins looked more ambitiously towards the West Indies. Thereafter, Hawkins alternately clashed or traded with the Spanish Empire. Hawkins' civil career took after his family's example. In 1556 Hawkins was admitted Freeman of Plymouth and he served as Mayor in 1572. The Hawkins family coat of arms, augmented by Sir John in 1564, is depicted on an estate plan in the collection (/276A). Interpretation of the inspiration for the crest on the coat of arms varies, although it certainly stems from Hawkins' own voyages. Arnold describes the crest as comprising a "demi-moor proper, bound captive, with annulets on his arms and in his ears", attributing this to Hawkins commemorating a victory over the Moors achieved on one of his voyages (p. 19). Arnold, a Solicitor and responsible figure in the Medway Towns, was clerk to numerous organisations and Deputy Governor of Hawkins' Hospital. Writing earlier than Arnold and for a more popular readership, Harris describes the crest as a "demi-moor in his proper colour bound with cord" and attributes this to Hawkins' "infamous traffic in slaves, which at that period does not seem to have militated against the feelings of the most enlightened and humane of our countrymen" (p.7). It is conceivable that at this time physical conditions for enslaved negroes had not yet degenerated to those of the Eighteenth Century. On Hawkins' second slaving voyage, planned in 1564, 120 quarters of beans and peas with shirts and shoes were loaded for the anticipated 500 captives (Williamson 1927/p.95). Through Hawkins' contact with Benjamin Gonson, Treasurer of the Navy (and a financial backer of his second slaving voyage), he was introduced to Gonson's daughter Katherine whom he married in about 1559. This relationship with Gonson also resulted in Hawkins inheriting on 1st January 1578 the office of Treasurer of the Navy, following this with the Comptrollership of the Navy in 1588, the Armada year. (A B. Gonson is mentioned in /349). It was during Hawkins' period in office as Treasurer that he established the link with Chatham which was to result in the foundation of the Chatham Chest and Hawkins' Hospital, both of which followed in the wake of the Spanish Armada. In the period 1578-1588 Hawkins' time as Treasurer saw new influences in the design of warships and in the administration of the navy, with both of which Hawkins has been associated. As Rear Admiral serving in the English Channel against the Spanish Armada, Hawkins distinguished himself in an engagement off the Isle of Wight, following which Hawkins was knighted by Lord Howard of Effingham on board the Arc on 25th July 1588 and was advanced Vice Admiral the following day. After a period ashore during which Hawkins was closely involved in the founding of the Chatham Chest (1588-1590) and his Hospital (1592-1594), he again took to sea, in an expedition to the West Indies led by Sir Francis Drake. Falling ill and dying off Porto Rico on 12th November 1595, his p d 5/env/john-haw.sd(nf/msm)
Page 1: GB 1204 CH 108 Medway Archives and
Page 5 and 6: CH.108 Perhaps unkindly and mislead
Page 7 and 8: CH.108 Both Chest and Hospital had
Page 9 and 10: The Collection CH.108 The list and
Page 11 and 12: Similar Charitable Organisations CH
Page 13 and 14: 12. King George's Fund for Sailors,
Page 15 and 16: The Administration of the Royal Nav
Page 17 and 18: Archival Sources Elsewhere Public R
Page 19 and 20: CH.108 Ann Phillips' Charity C1822-
Page 21 and 22: Correspondence & memoranda concerni
Page 23 and 24: Ft gent Gt. HM HMS Inc. Jan jun kt
Page 25 and 26: CONSTITUTION AND PENSIONERS 1594-19
Page 27 and 28: pc9/env/ordindexl.sd (rg) 1 item CH
Page 29 and 30: 11 Envelope previously containing i
Page 31 and 32: 17 pc9/env/ordindexl.sd (rg) Chatha
Page 33 and 34: 19 Portion of draft letter from Ess
Page 35 and 36: lvol/499pp used. 24 Minute Book [18
Page 37 and 38: 28 pc!4/env/ordindexl9.sd (lp) 1 it
Page 39 and 40: Y883] Governors' Business c!619-cl8
Page 41 and 42: governor; naming other attending go
Page 43 and 44: 43 Salary of £4 p.a. Signed by gov
Page 45 and 46: 1 m 46 Appointment by governors of
Page 47 and 48: Inc. several in-pensioners' tenancy
Page 49 and 50: 1 file/c.l50pp 54 File as /53 1976-
Page 51 and 52: Hospital Records and Artefacts cl79
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63 envelope 62A Two lettersfrom A.
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orchard or garden of IVia and dwell
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PENSIONERS' APPLICATIONS AND WELFAR
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pcl6/env/ordindex65.sd(dpk) 1 bundl
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pc 16/env/ordindex65 .sd(dpk) MS an
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75 List of pensioners admitted, giv
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1 bundle/9pp 79 (As /77) [1848] Inc
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1 bundle/2 sheets 88 1 bundle/2 she
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101 1 item 1904 102 1 item 1905 103
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consols, etc. Expenses including pa
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pel 0/cnv/sUndcx -4.sd (ajm) Army,
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pcl0/erjv/stindcx-4.sd (ajm) Inc. b
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Inc. Bills for Governors' dinner. 3
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Inc. stamped envelope 1980. 1 bundl
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128 Christopher Chapman. 1 item [16
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133 John Wriothesley [1619-] 1620 p
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1 item 136 Thomas Forde [1622-]1623
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1 item 142 Nathanial Terne [1628-]
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1 item 147 Nathanial Terne [1633-]
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Inc. memorandum concerning death of
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154 Edward Hay ward and John Hudson
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CH108 159 Katherine Stonehouse [164
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1 item 164 John Jeyes [1650-] 1651
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1 item 169 John Jeyes [1655-] 1656
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Permanent No. Description Dates 159
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Signed by Governors Richard Lee, Pe
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168 John Jeyes [1654-] 1655 Signed
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1 item 174 JohnJeyes [1660-] 1661 S
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1 Item 180 Thomas Manley [1681-] 16
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pc3/cnv/ch-inx3 .sd 1 booklet CH108
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and copy of instrument of assent by
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1 item/ 3 sheets 198 Articles of Ag
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203 Deed of Transfer 21 Jan. 1850 p
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the minutes. The volumes provide da
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229 1 vol./cl20pp 1860-1862 230 Inc
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1 vol. /c. 120pp. 237 See also /69
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243 Account of payments to pensione
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248 1865 - 1870 pc9/cnv/indcx-frm.9
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255 256 257 258 259 [See /67 for re
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Out-Pensioners' Receipts 1879 - 188
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pc9/cnv/indcx-frm.sd(smh) Scale 10'
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1 Item 271 Buildings and contents i
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Plans also annotated. Introductory
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original land acquired by Hawkins.
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(i) John Wrygth, clerk, John Hardel
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lm Latin CH108 285 Deed of Gift 30t
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Witnesses John Bonnard [?] of Gilli
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lm. 290 Bond for quiet enjoyment [c
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293 pc9/env/indcx-fnmd(smh) on side
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pc9 /criv/irjdcx-frm, sd(smh) conta
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pc9/env/index-frm.sd(smh) operation
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Thomas Marrable with adjoining hous
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302 Licence 7th June 1881 303 pc9/c
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pc9/env/index-fnn.sd(smh) CH108
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307 Deed of grant and covenant (i)
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pcl/env/ordindex307.sd (msm) 1 item
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*See DNB vol. 50p.296 1 item 316 Dr
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2 items 322 Report by Martin Bulmer
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326 Report by [?] Clements, Surveyo
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332 Inventory of bedding and furnit
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[These items not for production] 1
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1 bundle/7 items 341 Steel key to w
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347 Architects drawings of elevatio
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Deeds and Title 1591-1920 1591 CH10
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351 Memoranda apparently relating t
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355 Schedule of deeds to Old Garlan
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Mess or farmhouse divided into two
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Correspondence Concerning Leases. D
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1 Item 373 Depositions by William C
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378 Note advising of Zachariah (Zak
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pcl/env/ordindex307.sd (msm) lp. CH
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1 item 390 Letter from George Spitt
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GarlandS Farm, 5 March 1920 (7393/7
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CH108 398 Pencil-drawn plan of grou
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1 item 405 Letter from Thomas Edwar
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409 Letter from Jeremy Gregory of C
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1 item 417 Letter from John Bishop
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424 Letter from Thomas Edwards [of
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429 Bill in Chancery submitted by W
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1 item 435 Response of Thomas Edwar
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EAST WICKHAM, PLUMSTEAD: FREEHOLD 1
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444 Counterpart Lease for 21 years
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CH108 448 Lease for 21 years. 8th A
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452 Draft Lease c.1699 (i) Hawkins'
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CH108 457 Counterpart Lease for 21
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459 Lease and release pcl/env/ordin
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Consideration : manors, lands and r
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1 bundle/6 sheets CH108 462 Counter
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1 item 466 Counterpart lease for 21
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469 Counterpart Lease for 21 years
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SmiuYs forge or shop with tithes at
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476 Memorandum as to circumstances
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pcl5/env/ordindex467.sd (nf) 1 item
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486 Petition from Thomas Hodsdon to
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493 Case of William Leigh concernin
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pc8/env/ordindex486.sd (jcr) 1 item
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505 Repairs to Chancel of E. Wickha
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507 Unsigned memorandum apparently
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pc!5/env/ordindex505.sd (nf) 1 item
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