Altered Body Symbolism in Mesoamerica Charlotte AIiryn Werner ...

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Chapter 1 Introduction L.L Chronological chart 1,.2 Map of Mesoamerica 1,.3 Map of Sites of the Maya 500 List of Illustrations Chapter Two Altered Body Symbolism--Begirurings and precursors 2.1 Four Pottery Figurines, Early Preclassic period, Oaxaca. ?? Pottery figurines of a dancers. Early preclassic period, T1atilco "Pr"lty ?3 lady" pottery figurine, Late preclassic, Guanajuato 2.4 Acrobat, Iatilco 2.5 Contortionist/Acrobat. Predassic terra-cotta bottle. Tlatilco 2.6 Female figurines symbolizing duality, Tlatilco 2.7 Clay mask of life and deatþTlarilco 2.8 Preclassic solid clay figurines with scarification 29 sixteen stone figurines. olmec. La venta, Tabasco, yeracruz 2.L0 Ball Game a¡tifacts 2.1-t Male figurine, Xolalpan ?.!2^ Yutg (Heye statue) with jaguàr paw vase and inverted trophy head 2.13 Lambityeco male figurine with animal mask 2.1,4 Male figurine (Stendahl statue) 2-t5 Figurine resembling Xípe Totec. Teotihuac¿ín culture, Ttln-gt}- c. A.D. 2.16 Figurine with laughing face. Cenhral Veracmz 2.17 La Venta Tabasco. Middle Preclassic period 2.18 Relief of armed men. Chalcatzingo, Morelos 2j9 Anthropomorphic jagour upon a reclining human figure 2.20 2.21, 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 Monument L, Rio Chiquito, Tenochtitlán Jaguar atop human. Monument 3, Potrero Nuevo Jaguars overcoming humans. Petroglyph relief [V, Chalcatzingo, Morelos. Middle Preclassic period Seated youth holding jaguar-Íeabured human infant (rain l"ity). Las Limas, Veracruz. Middle Preclassic period seated youth holding jaguar-featured human infant (details) Standing figure holding a were-jaguaï see p.47 a. ceremonial axe as an olmec were-jaguaf b. were-jaguar head Derivation of rain gods from the Ol¡nec were-jaguar Were-jaguars (anthropomorphic and zoomorphic). Tabasco Polychrome Mural I Oxtitlan Cave, Guerrerõ, Mexico Standing Man and Jaguar in Sexual Interaction (Painting I-d), Oxtitlan Cave, Guerrero, Mexico.
2.30 2.3t 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41. 501 Olmec female dignitary on throne in cave Petroglyph 1, Chalcatzingo, Morelos. Rattlesnake holding olmec figure. Monument'!.9, Laventa Carved vessel with Vision Serpent. Late preclassic lgty recorded Bar and dot daie, Stela Ç Tres Zapotes ïh{"1fig_"Iur Ð jaws of animal (possibly the Eaith Monsrer) Stela D, Near Tres Zapotes Warrior-k{g Harvest Mountain Lord, with 465 glyphs Stela near La MLajalr:a, Veracrtrz Tuxtla Stafuette (front, lefb,Vera Cruz Tuxtla stafuette inscriptions (front, back, and sides) Tepantitla mural, or ilalocary Teotihuacan Decapitation Scene, Stela Z'!.,Izapa, Chíapas, Mexico Transitional figure between olmec *ut"-¡ugrrar and Maya deity Chac, Ìrolding sea creatu¡e in a basket. Stela t,lzäpa Danzantes, Monte AIbán. Late preclassic Chapter Three Creation and Emergence Myth, 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.72 3.13 3.I4 3.15 3.16 Soverign Plumed Serpent, from the Dresden Codex and The Heart of Sky, Named Hurricane Maya Matze God, Copatr, Honduras. Late Classic ometecuhtli ("Two Lòrd") and omecihuatl ("Two Lady"), as a personified primordial creative force,codex Borbonicus The Earth Monster goddess destroys the foot of Tezcztlipoca Codex Fejéraáry-Mayer Quetzalcoatl and Mictlantecuhtli linked in an und.erworld dance Aztec Codex Borgia chicomoztoc, The Aztec cave of origirç Teotihuacán The earth goddess Tlazonlteotl (or un i-mp"rconator) wearing flayed skin and grving bkth to a warrior. Aztec todex Borbonicus. Ixchel (Goddess O ) and Chac, Madrid Codex, p.30 chalchiuhtlicue, L6th c. AztecGodd.ess, codei Borbonicus Ido-" temple, with five images of raloc, the Tlaloc mountain, and females in openings representing the earth. codex Borgía Tlaloc seated on a mountain emltting u stream. codex Borbonicus. World axis tree of life. IzapaStela S (ca. 100 B.C.) Mixtec tree birth scene. codex vindobonensis, Late postclassic A tree attended by the corn god cinteotl symbolizes world. view and. creation in the Codex Borgia Mayahuel, Goddess of maguey. Codex Fejéradry-Mayer, Lãte Þostclassic The'Jauncy Vase" Late Classic Maya (Sides I and tr)
Page 1 and 2: Altered Body Symbolism in Mesoameri
Page 3: 499 List of lllustrations followed
Page 7 and 8: 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30
Page 9 and 10: 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 505 Chapter
Page 11 and 12: 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 9.29
Page 13 and 14: 71,.1L Enema devices in a ritual sc
Page 15 and 16: 12.38 Xipe Totec (or impersonator:
Page 17 and 18: t4.26 Rattlesnake presenting head i
Page 19 and 20: 515 Barbachano Ponce, Manuel, 1978.
Page 21 and 22: 577 Breen, John F. 1974. Encycloped
Page 23 and 24: 519 . L972. "Olmec Jaguars and Olme
Page 25 and 26: 521 Dickey, Thomas; vance Muse, and
Page 27 and 28: 523 Freidel, David, Linda Schele an
Page 29 and 30: 525 Halliday, Tim, and Kruig Adler,
Page 31 and 32: 7991,. A Theory of Pørody: The Te
Page 33 and 34: 529 Kristeva, Iu1ia. 1986. The Krí
Page 35 and 36: 531 1976. Emblem and State ín the
Page 37 and 38: 533 Moriarty, ]ames Robert. 1969. R
Page 39 and 40: 535 Proskouriakoff, Tatiana. 1964,
Page 41 and 42: 537 Robicsek, Francis, and Donald H
Page 43 and 44: 539 7974. "Observations on the Cros
Page 45 and 46: 541 Steirlin, Henri. 1981. The Art
Page 47 and 48: 54:t Tebbs, _Margaret. 1989. "Guate
Page 49 and 50: l5 r9 I2æ 900 óoo 300 AD BC 300 L
Page 51 and 52: CHIAPAS "iI¡:ì I UU¡\IT\I\ ^ I p
Page 53 and 54: Fig.2.2 Fig. 2.2 a and b a.Þottery
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Fig.2.4 Acrobat Tlatilco Redware, 1
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Fig.2.6 Female figurines symbolizin
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Fig.2.B Preclassic solid clay figur
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v c Fig.2.10 Ball Game artifacts a.
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.-:i 4 Fig.2.12 Fig.2.I2 Male figur
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Fig.2.14 NIale figurine Stendahl st
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Fi1.2.1,6 Figurine with laughing fa
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Figs. 11. 12. The Chalcatzingo reli
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Fig.2.20 Fig.2.20 ]aguar atop human
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Fig.2.22 Fíg.2.22 Seated youth hol
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Fig.2.24 Standing figure holding a
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Fi9.2.26 Derivation oi rain gods fr
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-t'.- :t{þr l,:'.:,:â -a'.i.,-,:
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Jrtritirirtrtt Fig.2.30 Olmec femal
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Fig.2.32 Fig.2.32 Carved vessel wit
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Fig.2.34 Th¡ee figures in jar,vs o
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a. b. Fig.2.36 Fi9.2.36 Tuxtla Stat
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Fig.2.3B Tepantitla mural, or Tlalo
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Fig.2.40 Fiç.2.40 Transitional hgu
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a. b. Fig.3.1 a. Soverign Plumed Se
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Fig.3.3 Couple named Ometecuhtli ("
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Fig.3.5 Fig.3.5 Quetzalcoatl and Mi
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,.ot4 Fig.3.7 Fig.3.7 The earth per
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Fig.3.9 ChaIchíuhtlicue Early colo
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Çnaa'm iunut4 Fig.3.11 Fig.3.11 Tl
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Fig.3.13 Mixtec tree birth scene Co
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Fig.3.15 Fig.3.15 Møyahuel, Goddes
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SIDE III Fig.3.77 Fig.3.17 The "Jau
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Fig.3.18b Fig.3.18b Goddesses known
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Fíg.3.20 Tonacatecuhtli, "god of c
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they t¡vere botn The Paddlers unde
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Quadripartitc Cod, thc rcar hcad of
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Fig.4.4 The World Tree Drawing by L
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@ t:T) ffiffi dotot house te-tuq tr
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Fig.4.8 Masonry facade with carved
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Fig.4.10 Kinh and solar motifs in t
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Fig.4.12 Moon with rabbit consort (
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Quadripartite Monster Fig.4.1.4 Qua
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a. b. fronl head cross-banded eye c
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Fig.4.18 Maue God emerging from the
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Fig.4.20 a.boddess O with inverted
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a. b. Fig. 4.22 Chac (sometimes cal
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god markingã Fí9.4.24 God K (God
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Fig.4.26 Toltec Warrior with Tlaloc
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"'mWffi *ilpwm *@ffiffi G6 ffi ",m
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a. Fig.4.30 God A as a death god a.
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4.32 a 4.32b w@m Fig. a.32 Fig.4.32
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Fig.4.34 Dragon Nlonster, Kaminalju
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Fig.4.36 The Vision Serpent Drawing
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. Fig.4.38 a. Eccentric flint Late
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Fig.5.1 Cenote of Sacrifice Chichen
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Fig. 5.3 Aztec warrior in flayed-sk
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Fig.6.2 Old deity instructing disci
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Fig.6.4 Anthropomorphic monkeys as
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Vessel 69 Fig.6.6 Anthropomorphic s
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(ft rpos) 1.18.3.12.0 'slçy' event
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ffi öffi ffi ffi wffi ßffi ffiãf
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Fig.7.2 Cauac Sky on north side of
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Gcncration 6 Lady Kanal-Ikal Gencra
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Fig.7.6 Flanged headdress from Copa
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Eig.7.8 Female Ruler from Calakmul
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Feminine head glyph rooo f Feminine
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Fig.7.I1, Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau, at
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Fig.7.13 Ruler with war captains an
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Fíg.7.1.5 Bird Jaguar dressing for
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@H; ffi a@d Fi9.7.17 Glyphs from te
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Fi5.7.1,9 Vision Serpent, and femal
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Ftg.7.2I à,b Stucco portrait of Ch
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Fig.7.23 Fiç.7.23 Maya noble Limes
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Fig.7.25 Fig.7.25 Jaina Warrior Cer
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The World Ti,ee Fig.8.1 Maya King a
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Fig.8.3 Head of ruler in Chac-Xib-C
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anthropornorphíc p€rson¡l¡cati
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flayed area personified blood blood
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. The God C apron from Dos pilas St
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oo @Oa Fig. 8.11 The Quadripartite
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HIEROGLYPHIC TEXT IN YUCATEC EAST S
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Fig.8.15 Maya house with thatched r
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Fig.8.17 Incense-burner as an effí
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Fig.8.19 Fig.8.19 Dual images of Go
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Fig.8.21 Fig.8.21 The Leiden Plaque
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Curl-Snout's name Mosaic Monster he
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a" Curl-Snout from the side of Stel
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Fí9.8.27 Captor wears raloc-and-ba
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Fiç.8.29 Two figures, one wearing
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a. b. lF :;, i'l Yaxchilán Seibal
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Fig.8.33 Fig. 8.33 Map 9f Glyphic C
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Fig.8.35 Fig.8.35 Ruler on Stela 31
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Fig.9.1 Number gods carrying the Ma
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Fig. 9.3 g @ & @ J',i;ll Ð'{l' /æ
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a. Cloth morifs from 'ascension'sre
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ffi ttr ffi Fig.9.7 Hand gesLure si
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ffi þ,= ) ffi Fig. 9.9 Glyphs repr
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W o ffi b ffi c æ d Fig. 9.11. Gly
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a. b. ffi@ffiw @ffiffi ffiffi ffiw
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ww @@ @@ ii mffi il@q ffi@ ffiw gh
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Fi9.9.17 Kinh, the sun-time deity,
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-- ----- ----- waffi@W@@ .i¡l aaa
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4 .rl¡ ¿ oooo + oooo ¡ .rt i,ä
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;,ffi- ;ilililffi :\t\ffi Fis.9.23
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6. Fig.9.25 Fi1.9.25 Initial series
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^w ffi ffi"æ B. P ffit ffi t4? ffi
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\ '?-r-.. . /a'" '-r€' :\ Ei Fig.
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Uttlt t¡( dcl' . tlt't (,1tc. a (
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1., o //0zo 7 :, ., . . .:.i+:,i;."
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Fig.9.35 Maya Calendar and. World v
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Fiç.9.37 Fig.9.37 The New Fire, wi
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Fig.9.39 Fig.9.39 Aztec Calendar St
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Fig.9.41 Playing of drum and rattle
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Fig.10.2 Fiç.1.0.2 Venus (as Hunah
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Fig.1.0.4 a. b. page 46 AECDEÊG IX
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Fig. 10.6 Astronomical bodies in th
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%@ Fig. 10.8 Tzítzimitl sky demon
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:: . ... -a-,4 "- Fig. 10.10 Dresde
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lnstructions and Correction Table (
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1 I I I t. È,7 'þ'.Vtal 1tølì r
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Fig.10.16 Fig. 10.16 Goddess Coatli
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Fig.10.18 Fig. 10.18 Astronomer, Ma
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[¡&¡rr¡a.U*d¡Era*.r oaac}as f (
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Fig.70.?2 Fig.1,0.22 The House of t
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Fi1.1,0.24 The House of the Governo
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Ê2* .!it ôE i rE. ru.âr, Fig. 10
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Fig. 11.1 Gods of the Underworld in
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a. b. @ Kerr 1988 Ht. 14 Dta. 14.3
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Fig. 11.5 Acrobat efhgy vessel Coli
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@ Kerr 1989 , Ht. 15.8 Dta. 12.8 Ci
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4.¡ tñ .,Ï i,, A- Æ.E'u 9.,:* t
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Fig. 11.11 Enema devices in a ribua
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Fíg. 11.13 Dancing lords in blood
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Fig. 11.15 Bonampak, Mexico Wall mu
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Fig.11.77 Fig.11.17 Bonampak Room 2
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Fig. 11.19 Headdress presented as a
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a. b. Fig.11.2L a Mixtec drum with
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Fig.11.23 Fig. t1.23 Cõt¿ bell wi
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A .i:.¿,;1¡-; !:l!l,t tr!rr / tu
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A t Fig.12.3 Ruler and wa¡rior fac
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' . j-i :rr:l::'o Fí9.12.5 Fíg.12
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Fíg.12.7 lvlaize god in sacrificia
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Fi9.72.9 Fig.12.9 The Sun God blood
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Skta D, CoFd. Pø.lr Íô; tA. ¿oo
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Fig.12.13 Bloodletting from the gen
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Fig. L2.1,5 Mat design on carved bo
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Fig.12.77 Fig.12.17 Drawing cords t
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ffiffiwffiffiffi 5 Eb 15 Mac he is
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AB I 2 3 4 5 Fig. 12.21, Lady Balam
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"a4 Fíg.12.23 Sacrificial Knife, T
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#H+o Fig.12.25 Frg.12.25 Heart sacr
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Fig.72.27 Fig.12.27 Cõdex scene of
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ti; tr F Êi :l H I ri É þ H F r
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Fig.12.31 Fig.12.31, Chacmool figur
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Fig,t2.33 Fig. 12.33 Dignitary carr
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Fig. 12.35 a. Pottery scene with ri
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Fig.12.37 Fig.12.37 Xipe Totec, Azt
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'?,,1 ,.1 rþ Fig.t2.39 Fig. t2.39
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a. Fig.12.41 Caplive Reliquary Jain
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Fig.13.2 Tlaloc and jaguar symbolis
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Fig. 13.4 Protagonist preparing for
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Fig. 13.6 Ballplayers in the court
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Fig.13.7b Sacrifice in ballcourt sc
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Fig. 13.9 Underworld scene of suppl
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Fig.13.11 Fig. 13.11 Thirteen Rabbi
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Fig.13.13 Fig. 13.13 Dismemberment
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Fig.13.15 Fig. 13.15 Sacrificed bal
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\ Fig.13.17 Fig. L3.17 Central Mark
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Chan-Bahlum Fig. 1.4.2 Chan-Bahlum'
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\ì \ +1 - t ! 4i I >-'./ nl-;,3 J_
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Fig.14.6 Fig. t4.6 Zoomorph B, Quir
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l0 11 Ak'bal 15 star- Sak overea¡l
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Stingray Paddler Jaguar Paddler i0@
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d lUüi¿c God dresscd by two nudo
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c. d. Fig.1,4.74 Fig. L4.1,4 Death
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Fig. t4.L6 Anthropomorphs in dancin
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Fig.14.18 Fig.14.1,8 Elongatedway f
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Lt .9 \ { tl t. ì '.( Ì'. Ç ' --
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Fig.14.22 Fig. 1.4.22 The Deletaill
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Fig.1,4.24 Temple of the Warriors,
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Fí9.1,4.26 Rattiesnake presenting
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Fig.1,4.28 Chac, the Rain God, stan
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Fig. L4.30 Chac masks on facade of
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Fig.14.32 Altar of skulls (Tzompant
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Fig.14.34 Pillar, Temple of the War
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Fig.1.4.36 Human in feline costime,
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Fig. 14.38 Platform of the Eagies a
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Fig.14.40 Fig.1.4.40 Eagle eating a
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Fig.14.42 Fí9.14.42 Olmec Cave Mas
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Fig. 14.44 lvIônster-mouth mask do
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G' -: ._{: Fig.1,4.46 The Magician'
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Fíg.14.48 El Castillo (The Castie)
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