Salinity Intrusion and Seasonal Water Quality Variations in the Tidal ...

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7 Perandoor Canal desiccating dry spell, make two peaks. Iron keeps rising to mid March and then starts falling. Whereas phosphate stumblingly rises to a peak in March and starts declining with the first rains. Water remains anoxic for most part of the year. The canal is saline from early November to the first week of May. Heavy sewage input keeps the canal alkaline. Iron keeps rising until the first rains of the year. At KSRTC, the source ofsalinity may not be the ocean, as it has no connection with the estuary. Here the canal flows eastward to join the fresh water stretch ofThevara canal. Siltation impedes continuous flow It is the northern extension of and natural flushing. Insulated from Thevara canal. Perandoor tidal action. Perandoor canal, the canal flows through the very northern counterpart of Thevara thick of the city and it canal, is tidal for most part. But the deserves special care and tidal effect is damped by siltation maintenance. Waste from and uneven morphology. Kaloor, residential areas and markets the commercial hub of the city, has ends up in this canal. The 78
a deleterious effect on the quality of northern extremity of the the canal. Nitrate reaches a canal is remarkably clean and maximum in late June. BOO, COD, healthy. Saline water could hardness and sulfate have two purge the filth of KSRTC if maxima In summer. Phosphate both these canals are widened steadily rises to the end of the dry and linked across the rail road spell but Pullepady site shows a and Perandoor canal is freak maximum in early December. subjected to regular dredging. Conductivity reaches a pinnacle in Weed growth is phenomenal March. The water is not hard at the tail end of the canal. except at Perandoor during the dry Water IS saturated with period. Nor is the water saline but mosquito larvae at CBI for Perandoor from early November junction. to early May. 8 Changadompok Water is thick and nauseous slurry This canal virtually tapers out thod at Kaloor whereas at the delivering at Kaloor. Its flood relief end it is by far clean. Of the three potentials are apparently sampling points on this canal, crippled. Changadompok AIMS culvert and Galaxy sites are Thod is in fact the n.orthern very much under the influence of extension of Karanakkodam tidal action whereas KSEB site at thod. Both are to be widened Kaloor remains insulated from tidal and linked at Kaloor across influence all through the year. This NH 47 for natural purging fundamental difference is evident in and purification. At present the graph. Plant nutrients sharply the stench is noticeable and is 79
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Salinity Intrusion and Seasonal Wat
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IV Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES
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11 III IV V VII List of Tables Tabl
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III IV V IX Fig 3.1 Classification
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hI. were found to be creeks extendi
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XIII The study embodied here is par
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1.1 Fresh water as a natural resour
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taught us to value fresh water more
Page 20 and 21:
Source: Keller (1984) .... There is
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The role played by water as a solve
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3. Commercial water supplies 4. Was
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The status report presented above d
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Responses Reversible Direct Respons
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Salinity intrusion is the most sign
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eaches 15 g/kg. Work by Boyle, Edmo
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Cd. The .removal of phosphate may o
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1. Dissolution nutrients from parti
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unpolluted estuaries left and most
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The design, according to Maxted et
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that the water biotic quality did n
Page 47 and 48:
nutrient load was predictive but co
Page 49 and 50:
For a city fast growing, as in the
Page 51 and 52:
CHAPTER 2
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2.1 The study area Chapter 2 MATERI
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salinity and the trapped water bodi
Page 57: 2.2 Cochin and the back water lagoo
Page 60 and 61: Cochin originally developed as a co
Page 63: 400,000 commutes to the city from t
Page 67 and 68: disparity. Such an engineering modi
Page 69: 4. Mullassery canal: (Figure 2.7) T
Page 73: 11. Poornipuzha:(Figure 2.10) It is
Page 76 and 77: are two fresh watercourses ending u
Page 78 and 79: Cochin Corporation records, there a
Page 80 and 81: 2. Poorni River - Konnara thod - Pa
Page 82 and 83: 8. KSEB-International Stadium (clos
Page 84 and 85: 9 Perumpadappu kayal 3 10 Kumbalang
Page 87 and 88: Onceback in the laboratory, where r
Page 89: pH was chosen as a regular paramete
Page 92 and 93: influences chemical process like so
Page 95 and 96: salinity pattern is applicable to t
Page 97 and 98: ecorded on 9 th March. The Ambalapp
Page 99 and 100: or even equal to that of the sea wa
Page 101 and 102: the latest engineering modification
Page 103 and 104: ThripoonithuraMunicipality's waste
Page 105 and 106: 4 Chithrappuzha- Water doled out fr
Page 107: 6 Mullassery Canal whole is flood p
Page 111 and 112: - Adimury the railroad to Kaloor is
Page 113 and 114: June. Phosphate Increases until tim
Page 115 and 116: 12 Punchathod- Kharee thod the anal
Page 117: ocearnc ongm, But Phosphate level r
Page 120 and 121: COD(nlglL) 73.4 103.3 243.1 COD(mgl
Page 122 and 123: TH(mg CaC03/L) 64.7 186.4 443 TH(mg
Page 125 and 126: TH(mg CaC03/L) 114.6 1334.3 3480 TH
Page 127 and 128: TH(mg CaC03/L) 118.8 2489.4 9800 TH
Page 131 and 132: 60 50 40 20 10 o WOI Fig 3.198WQI o
Page 133 and 134: As Figure 3.198 depicts water quali
Page 135 and 136: Table.3.87 Classification of water
Page 137 and 138: The only tidal body where the seaso
Page 139 and 140: violently multiplies wherever the c
Page 141 and 142: than 61mg/L. Falls in alkalinity co
Page 143 and 144: is an exception as phosphate follow
Page 145 and 146: sweep the earth following the sun a
Page 168:
500 350 150 100 50 90 80 70 60 20 1
Page 251:
CNP StoIchioIlleQr6 --••_.--t N
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DIN. 121 4.2.1.5 Stoichiometric der
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olume Surface flo 124 oxes. Vx is a
Page 275:
138 February 0.02 0.01 392 11.7 31.
Page 284 and 285:
CHAPTER 5
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145 depletion in the canals. Again
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147 7 Arius "Plastistomus 50 Megalo
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149 5.3.1 Canals heavily polluted a
Page 293 and 294:
151 deweeded and maintained well, e
Page 295 and 296:
All points but Panar and Karingachi
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West Cochin Wholestretch 155 Whole
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Edappally thod - whole stretch abov
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159 At present, the water is not fi
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161 effective aeration to the putri
Page 307:
174 45. Flemer. Potential sediment
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178 107: Pritchard DW. What is An E
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