formaldehyde - Sciencemadness Dot Org

USES OF FORMALDEHYDE 347
S. Henricka, J. A.3 (toUdyliteCo.;,, XJ. S. Patent 3,101,550 '1937).
9, Sill, W. H., (to American Cyanamid Co.;., Canadian Patent 409 212 '1942'
10, Holmes, H. N., U. S. Patent 1,470,225 (192S>
IL Horst, P. T., (to Wingfoot Corp.), IT. S. Patent 2,650,204 afl36).
12. Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., British P&teat 474,449 IKfTi.
13. Louis Weisberg, Inc., British Patent 4S4,S14 (1937).
14. llagoun, G.L., (to Rubber Service Laboratories), U. E. Fateat 1.SSS.2M (1932..
la. UascrS, J. E. J. G.t (to Eatablissements Lambiotte Fr4re§ Premery), U. S. Patent, 2,l*j,4,>} J if)*»
15. Mason, R. B., (to Aluminum Co. of America), T. S. Patent 1,988,013 (19S5\
17. Mason, S, R., (to Western Electric Co.), U. S. Patent 1TS39,4&8 (1932).
IS. alisciattelli. P., V. S. Patent 2,183,202 (1939).
19. Jlisriattelli, P,, _A&£ X Cortpj-. l'flf. CHwi. Soma, 4t 6S9; CAem. Ztnfr., 1941,1? 345.
20. Schmidt, J. G., (toB. P. Houghton & Co.), TJ. 8. Patent 1,807,711 (1931).
21. Sebrell, L. B., (to Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.), U. S, Patent 1,805,052 (1931'.
22. Vanino, L., German Patent 113,456 (19003.
23. WLsdaor-Bowen, E„ and Genrar, C. H. It,, British Faient. 537,474 (1941).
Paper
Formaldehyde is employed by the paper industry for improving the wetstrength,
water-resistance, shrink-resistance, grease-resistance, etc, of
paper, coated papers, and paper products. For these purposes formaldehyde
is used both directly and in the form of reactive formaldehyde derivatives.
In addition, formaldehyde serves as a disinfectant and preservative
in connection with some phases of paper manufacture. Less direct applications
are found in the preparation of finishes, sizing agents, etc.
Direct Treatment of Paper and Paper Pulp with Formaldehyde. Direct
treatment of paper with formaldehyde is, in general, employed for improving
water-resistance and wet-strength, but also has value in connection
with parchmentizing processes. Treating methods normally require acid
catalysts and may accordingly involve the formation of methylene ethers
of the paper cellulose (page 144). These treatments are similar in many
respects to the related processes used for making textiles crease-proof and
water-resistant.
In 1911, Ernst Fues 10a was granted a U. S. patent covering a process for
making a parchment paper by treating paper with an acid solution and
formaldehyde. This was followed in 1926 by a process for increasing the
water resistance of paper 101 *. The latter process is carried out by treating
paper with an aqueous solution of formaldehyde containing an acid-forming
salt and heating the dried paper to a temperature of 6O-100°C. A related
patent 14 covers a similar procedure for increasing the strength and waterresistance
of paper by treatment with an acidic formaldehyde solution and
drying at 1KHL20°C. Filter paper is impregnated with 2 cc of concentrated
nitric acid in 100 cc of commercial formaldehyde, excess solution squeezed
out, and the paper dried on heated rolls at 120°C. Paper subjected to this
process is said to retain substantially all of its strength when wet. Paper
which has been made water-resistant may lose its ability to absorb water.
According to Kantorowicz 15 , paper towels and handkerchiefs which have a