Haiti Earthquake Reconstruction Knowledge Notes from ... - GFDRR

8 | Haiti Earthquake Reconstruction
Box 1. Aceh: Tracking Aid to Establish Geographic and Sectoral Gaps
Like Haiti, after the 2004 Tsunami, Aceh experienced generous inflows of aid from all over the
world. The financial assistance was sufficient not only to rebuild what had been lost in the tsunami
but also to “build back better.” How was this infornmation generated? Which sectors where
receiving the most, which th least? Which regions need additional funding? A joint team of the
Reconstruction Agency and the World Bank have been tracking the money since the beginning
of the recovery effort to establish geographical and sectoral gaps (see below charts). The regions
close to the provincial capital Banda Aceh received sufficient funding while the badly affected areas
on the West Coast and the Island of Nias remained severely underfunded (dark red regions in
the below map). Similar disparities were seen in sectoral reconstruction, with some sectors being
overfunded (including health and education), while the funds flowing to others (transport, housing,
flood control, environment, and energy) failed to even to return them to pre-tsunami levels.
Based on these “gap assessments,” the Government of Indonesia and the Multi Donor Fund (MDF)
allocated additional funds to close the gaps.
400
n Not shown in graph!!!!!!
n 75 to 100
n 50 to 75
n Below 50
n Not available
US$ Million
300
200
100
0
-100
-200
Surplus
Deficit
-300
-400
Health
Community, culture and religion
Enterprise
Education
Government & Administration (Incl. Land)
Housing
Water & Sanitation
Agriculture & Livestock
Fisheries
Other Infrastructure
Communications
Energy
Environment
Flood control, irrigation works
Transport
3.
Establish (monthly) decision meetings with
international partners. One of the best early
investments is the establishment of a joint decision
making body, which meets predictably
and follows up on all the decisions continuously.
This policy forum could also include representatives
of non-traditional donors. In the
case of Aceh’s post tsunami reconstruction,
the Multi Donor Trust Fund provided the venue
for policy discussions and overall stocktaking
of the reconstruction program between government
and development partners, including
key NGOs.
4.
5.
Encourage development partners to establish
and contribute to a Multi Donor
Trust Fund. The pooling of funds can substantially
reduce fragmentation of aid and transaction
costs for the Government of Haiti. The
Aceh Multi Donor Fund established a high level
policy forum and also helped provide much
needed “fungible funds.” These funds helped
close several of the sectoral and spatial gaps in
the second phase of the recovery (see box 1).
The government should setup a monitoring
system that tracks money and outputs.
Given the likelihood of high fragmentation of