W3C CSS2 Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 - instructional media + ...

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If the above doesn’t provide enough break points to keep content from overflowing the page boxes, then rules B and D are dropped in order to find additional breakpoints. If that still does not lead to sufficient break points, rules A and C are dropped as well, to find still more break points. Page breaks cannot occur inside boxes that are absolutely positioned [p. 113] . 13.3.5 Forced page breaks A page break must occur at (1) if, among the ’page-break-after’ and ’page-break-before’ properties of all the elements generating boxes that meet at this margin, there is at least one with the value ’always’, ’left’, or ’right’. A page break must also occur at (1) if the last line box above this margin and the first one below it do not have the same value for ’page’. 13.3.6 "Best" page breaks CSS2 does not define which of a set of allowed page breaks must be used; CSS2 does not forbid a user agent from breaking at every possible break point, or not to break at all. But CSS2 does recommend that user agents observe the following heuristics (while recognizing that they are sometimes contradictory): Break as few times as possible. Make all pages that don’t end with a forced break appear to have about the same height. Avoid breaking inside a block that has a border. Avoid breaking inside a table. Avoid breaking inside a floated element Example(s): Suppose, for example, that the style sheet contains ’orphans : 4’, ’widows : 2’, and there are 20 lines (line boxes [p. 105] ) available at the bottom of the current page: If a paragraph at the end of the current page contains 20 lines or fewer, it should be placed on the current page. If the paragraph contains 21 or 22 lines, the second part of the paragraph must not violate the ’widows’ constraint, and so the second part must contain exactly two lines If the paragraph contains 23 lines or more, the first part should contain 20 lines and the second part the remaining lines. Now suppose that ’orphans’ is ’10’, ’widows’ is ’20’, and there are 8 lines available at the bottom of the current page: If a paragraph at the end of the current page contains 8 lines or fewer, it should be placed on the current page. If the paragraph contains 9 lines or more, it cannot be split (that would violate the orphan constraint), so it should move as a block to the next page. 184
13.4 Cascading in the page context Declarations in the page context [p. 176] obey the cascade [p. 69] just like normal CSS2 declarations. Example(s): Consider the following example: @page { margin-left: 3cm; } @page :left { margin-left: 4cm; } Due to the higher specificity [p. 73] of the pseudo-class selector, the left margin on left pages will be ’4cm’ and all other pages (i.e., the right pages) will have a left margin of ’3cm’. 185
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REC-CSS2-19980512 Cascading Style S
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Quick Table of Contents 1 About the
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4.3.4 URL + URN = URI . . . . . . .
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9.7 Relationships between ’displa
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cursive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
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B.1 New functionality . . . . . . .
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Section 2: An introduction to CSS2
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Initial This part specifies the pro
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The section on Paged Media was in l
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Contents 2 Introduction to CSS2 2.1
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CSS2 has more than 100 different pr
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Adding more rules to the style shee
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Simplicity. CSS2 is more complex th
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Document language The encoding lang
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3.2 Conformance This section define
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Contents 4 CSS2 syntax and basic da
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Macro Definition ident name nmstart
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In fact, these two methods may be c
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P[example="public class foo\ {\ pri
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A user agent conforming to a future
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0.28 mm 1.4 mm viewer 28 inch 71 cm
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Example(s): An example without quot
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Values outside the device gamut sho
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When a style sheet resides in a sep
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Contents 5 Selectors 5.1 Pattern ma
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5.2 Selector syntax A simple select
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5.6 Child selectors A child selecto
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Example(s): The following rule hide
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H1#chapter1 { text-align: center }
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Example(s): The following rule sets
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5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :
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The following CSS2 will make a drop
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6 Assigning property values, Cascad
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BODY { font-size: 10pt } H1 { font-
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6.4.1 Cascading order To find the v
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author style sheet and may be overr
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Link to a target medium The bo
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Relationship between media groups a
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Top TM TB TP Margin (Transparent) B
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First element of list Second elemen
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Value: {1,4} | inherit Initial: not
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values, they apply to the top, righ
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’border-color’ Value: {1,4} | t
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Since the initial value of the bord
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Contents 9 Visual formatting model
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9.2 Controlling box generation The
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The P generates a block box, with s
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The properties of the run-in elemen
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Value: static | relative | absolute
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The offset is a fixed distance from
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or like this: Several emphasized wo
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IMG { float: left } BODY, P, IMG {
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image margin paragraph border parag
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Values have the following meanings
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position: fixed; width: 100%; heigh
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Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 1 Be
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Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 24 p
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Document Window I used two red hyph
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This text will be beneath everythi
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(U+202C) at the end of the element.
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Contents 10 Visual formatting model
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Page 135 and 136: (If the border style is ’none’,
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Page 139 and 140: 10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced element
Page 141 and 142: Value: Initial: Applies to: | | n
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Page 145 and 146: Contents 11 Visual effects 11.1 Ove
Page 147 and 148: DIV I didn’t like the play, but t
Page 149 and 150: (0, 0) (50, 0) clip region (0, 55)
Page 151 and 152: onclick=’show("container2");hid
Page 153 and 154: 12 Generated content, automatic num
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Page 157 and 158: ’block’: the pseudo-element is
Page 159 and 160: Approximate rendering ISO 10646 cod
Page 161 and 162: Value: [ ? ]+ | none | inherit Ini
Page 163 and 164: Example(s): The following style she
Page 165 and 166: first or last line box exists in a
Page 167 and 168: This is a very short document. This
Page 169 and 170: decimal Decimal numbers, beginning
Page 171 and 172: inside The marker box is the first
Page 173 and 174: OL.alpha { list-style: lower-alpha
Page 175 and 176: Contents 13 Paged media 13.1 Introd
Page 177 and 178: Sheet Page box A D Page content B C
Page 179 and 180: 13.2.3 Crop marks: the ’marks’
Page 181 and 182: 13.3.1 Break before/after elements:
Page 183: Value: | inherit Initial: 2 Applie
Page 187 and 188: Contents 14 Colors and Backgrounds
Page 189 and 190: This property sets the background i
Page 191 and 192: User agents may treat ’fixed’ a
Page 193 and 194: 14.3 Gamma correction For informati
Page 195 and 196: Contents 15 Fonts 15.1 Introduction
Page 197 and 198: In the CSS2 font model, as in CSS1,
Page 199 and 200: 15.2.2 Font family: the ’font-fam
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Page 207 and 208: 15.2.5 Shorthand font property: the
Page 209 and 210: menu The font used in menus (e.g.,
Page 211 and 212: Latin fonts Greek fonts Cyrillic fo
Page 213 and 214: page can be displayed. Progressive
Page 215 and 216: 15.3.2 Descriptors for Selecting a
Page 217 and 218: 15.3.3 Descriptors for Font Data Qu
Page 219 and 220: Value: [ [format( [, ]*)] | ] [,
Page 221 and 222: ’stemv’ (Descriptor) Value: In
Page 223 and 224: the extras are ignored. [p. 42] Exa
Page 225 and 226: Swiss 721 light Swiss 721 Swiss 721
Page 227 and 228: The ideal solution would be to have
Page 229 and 230: 15.4.11 Lower Baseline This gives t
Page 231 and 232: 15.4.19 Vertical stem width This is
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The next example defines a family o
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Contents 16 Text 16.1 Indentation:
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16.3.1 Underlining, overlining, str
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Example(s): Consider this example:
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This property controls capitalizati
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Contents 17 Tables 17.1 Introductio
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other document languages (such as X
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’table-footer-group’) element T
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caption’s margin caption caption
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current margins text text text prev
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cells rows row groups columns colum
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The two algorithms are described be
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percentage values of ’height’ r
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The lengths specify the distance th
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order−width padding padding borde
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An example of a table with collapse
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Each document language may have dif
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270
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help Help is available for the obje
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18.3 User preferences for fonts As
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Example(s): For example, to draw a
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spatial audio), and paragraphs of c
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Value: | | inherit Initial: depen
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Example(s): The following two rules
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far-right Same as ’60deg’. With
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fast Same as 300 words per minute.
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Values have the following meanings:
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290
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SUB { vertical-align: sub } SUP { v
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Dynamic outlines [p. 274] . B.2 Upd
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the native font format on the Amiga
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TrueDoc TrueDoc technology was deve
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Square Cove (4) Obtuse Square Cove
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XHeight Standard/Serifed (4) High/T
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Block Add Block name Unicode range
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This table suggests where such info
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308
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pseudo_page : ’:’ IDENT ; font_
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{num}rad {num}grad {num}ms {num}s {
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[RFC1808] "Relative Uniform Resourc
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[RFC1630] "Universal Resource Ident
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Name ’border-top-width’ [p. 88]
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Name ’list-style-type’ [p. 168]
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Name ’speech-rate’ [p. 285] Val
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Name Values Initial value ’mathli
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’ascent’ (descriptor), 222 aspe
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close-quote, 159, 155 collapsing ma
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font family, 198 font set, 199 font
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definition of, 43 ’letter-spacing
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page model, 175 page selector, 176
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simple selector, 55 ’size’, 177
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valid style sheet, 29 value, 41 ver
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