W3C CSS2 Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 - instructional media + ...

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{num}rad {num}grad {num}ms {num}s {num}Hz {num}kHz {num}{ident} {num}% {num} {return ANGLE;} {return ANGLE;} {return TIME;} {return TIME;} {return FREQ;} {return FREQ;} {return DIMEN;} {return PERCENTAGE;} {return NUMBER;} "url("{w}{string}{w}")" {return URI;} "url("{w}{url}{w}")" {return URI;} {ident}"(" {return FUNCTION;} U\+{range} U\+{h}{1,6}-{h}{1,6} {return UNICODERANGE;} {return UNICODERANGE;} . {return *yytext;} D.3 Comparison of tokenization in CSS2 and CSS1 There are some differences in the syntax specified in the CSS1 recommendation ([CSS1]), and the one above. Most of these are due to new tokens in CSS2 that didn’t exist in CSS1. Others are because the grammar has been rewritten to be more readable. However, there are some incompatible changes, that were felt to be errors in the CSS1 syntax. They are explained below. CSS1 style sheets could only be in 1-byte-per-character encodings, such as ASCII and ISO-8859-1. CSS2 has no such limitation. In practice, there was little difficulty in extrapolating the CSS1 tokenizer, and some UAs have accepted 2-byte encodings. CSS1 only allowed four hex-digits after the backslash (\) to refer to Unicode characters, CSS2 allows six [p. 38] . Furthermore, CSS2 allows a whitespace character to delimit the escape sequence. E.g., according to CSS1, the string "\abcdef" has 3 letters (\abcd, e, and f), according to CSS2 it has only one (\abcdef). The tab character (ASCII 9) was not allowed in strings. However, since strings in CSS1 were only used for font names and for URLs, the only way this can lead to incompatibility between CSS1 and CSS2 is if a style sheet contains a font family that has a tab in its name. Similarly, newlines (escaped with a backslash [p. 50] ) were not allowed in strings in CSS1. CSS2 parses a number immediately followed by an identifier as a DIMEN token (i.e., an unknown unit), CSS1 parsed it as a number and an identifier. That means that in CSS1, the declaration ’font: 10pt/1.2serif’ was correct, as was ’font: 10pt/12pt serif’; in CSS2, a space is required before "serif". (Some UAs accepted the first example, but not the second.) In CSS1, a class name could start with a digit (".55ft"), unless it was a dimension (".55in"). In CSS2, such classes are parsed as unknown dimensions (to allow for future additions of new units). To make ".55ft" a valid class, CSS2 requires the first digit to be escaped (".\55ft") 312
Contents Appendix E. References E.1 Normative references E.2 Informative references . . . . . . . . . . . 313 . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 . E.1 Normative references [COLORIMETRY] "Colorimetry, Second Edition", CIE Publication 15.2-1986, ISBN 3-900-734-00-3. Available at http://www.hike.te.chiba-u.ac.jp/ikeda/CIE/publ/abst/15-2-86.html. [CSS1] "Cascading Style Sheets, level 1", H. W. Lie and B. Bos, 17 December 1996. Available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1-961217.html. [FLEX] "Flex: The Lexical Scanner Generator", Version 2.3.7, ISBN 1882114213. [HTML40] "HTML 4.0 Specification", D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs, 8 July 1997. Available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/. The Recommendation defines three document type definitions: Strict, Transitional, and Frameset, all reachable from the Recommendation. [IANA] "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700, USC/ISI, J. Reynolds and J. Postel, October 1994. Available at ftp://ftp.internic.net/rfc/rfc1700.txt. [ICC32] "ICC Profile Format Specification, version 3.2", 1995. Available at ftp://sgigate.sgi.com/pub/icc/ICC32.pdf. [ISO8879] ISO 8879:1986 "Information Processing -- Text and Office Systems -- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)", ISO 8879:1986. For the list of SGML entities, consult ftp://ftp.ifi.uio.no/pub/SGML/ENTITIES/. [ISO10646] "Information Technology - Universal Multiple- Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) - Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane", ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993. The current specification also takes into consideration the first five amendments to ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993. Useful roadmap of the BMP and roadmap of plane 1 documents show which scripts sit at which numeric ranges. [PNG10] "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, Version 1.0 specification", T. Boutell ed., 1 October 1996. Available at http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR/REC-png-multi.html. 313
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REC-CSS2-19980512 Cascading Style S
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Quick Table of Contents 1 About the
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4.3.4 URL + URN = URI . . . . . . .
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9.7 Relationships between ’displa
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cursive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
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B.1 New functionality . . . . . . .
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Section 2: An introduction to CSS2
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Initial This part specifies the pro
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The section on Paged Media was in l
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Contents 2 Introduction to CSS2 2.1
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CSS2 has more than 100 different pr
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Adding more rules to the style shee
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Simplicity. CSS2 is more complex th
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Document language The encoding lang
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3.2 Conformance This section define
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Contents 4 CSS2 syntax and basic da
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Macro Definition ident name nmstart
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In fact, these two methods may be c
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P[example="public class foo\ {\ pri
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A user agent conforming to a future
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0.28 mm 1.4 mm viewer 28 inch 71 cm
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Example(s): An example without quot
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Values outside the device gamut sho
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When a style sheet resides in a sep
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Contents 5 Selectors 5.1 Pattern ma
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5.2 Selector syntax A simple select
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5.6 Child selectors A child selecto
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Example(s): The following rule hide
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H1#chapter1 { text-align: center }
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Example(s): The following rule sets
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5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :
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The following CSS2 will make a drop
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6 Assigning property values, Cascad
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BODY { font-size: 10pt } H1 { font-
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6.4.1 Cascading order To find the v
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author style sheet and may be overr
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Link to a target medium The bo
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Relationship between media groups a
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Top TM TB TP Margin (Transparent) B
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First element of list Second elemen
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Value: {1,4} | inherit Initial: not
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values, they apply to the top, righ
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’border-color’ Value: {1,4} | t
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Since the initial value of the bord
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Contents 9 Visual formatting model
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9.2 Controlling box generation The
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The P generates a block box, with s
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The properties of the run-in elemen
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Value: static | relative | absolute
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The offset is a fixed distance from
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or like this: Several emphasized wo
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IMG { float: left } BODY, P, IMG {
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image margin paragraph border parag
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Values have the following meanings
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position: fixed; width: 100%; heigh
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Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 1 Be
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Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 24 p
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Document Window I used two red hyph
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This text will be beneath everythi
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(U+202C) at the end of the element.
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Contents 10 Visual formatting model
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#div1 { position: absolute; left: 5
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(If the border style is ’none’,
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’max-width’ Value: Initial: App
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10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced element
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Value: Initial: Applies to: | | n
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. We recommend a computed value for
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Contents 11 Visual effects 11.1 Ove
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DIV I didn’t like the play, but t
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(0, 0) (50, 0) clip region (0, 55)
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onclick=’show("container2");hid
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12 Generated content, automatic num
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the pseudo-element will behave as i
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’block’: the pseudo-element is
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Approximate rendering ISO 10646 cod
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Value: [ ? ]+ | none | inherit Ini
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Example(s): The following style she
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first or last line box exists in a
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This is a very short document. This
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decimal Decimal numbers, beginning
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inside The marker box is the first
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OL.alpha { list-style: lower-alpha
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Contents 13 Paged media 13.1 Introd
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Sheet Page box A D Page content B C
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13.2.3 Crop marks: the ’marks’
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13.3.1 Break before/after elements:
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Value: | inherit Initial: 2 Applie
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13.4 Cascading in the page context
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Contents 14 Colors and Backgrounds
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This property sets the background i
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User agents may treat ’fixed’ a
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14.3 Gamma correction For informati
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Contents 15 Fonts 15.1 Introduction
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In the CSS2 font model, as in CSS1,
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15.2.2 Font family: the ’font-fam
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normal font. italic Specifies a fon
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1. ultra-condensed 2. extra-condens
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Specifies the aspect value. The num
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15.2.5 Shorthand font property: the
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menu The font used in menus (e.g.,
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Latin fonts Greek fonts Cyrillic fo
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page can be displayed. Progressive
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15.3.2 Descriptors for Selecting a
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15.3.3 Descriptors for Font Data Qu
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Value: [ [format( [, ]*)] | ] [,
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’stemv’ (Descriptor) Value: In
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the extras are ignored. [p. 42] Exa
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Swiss 721 light Swiss 721 Swiss 721
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The ideal solution would be to have
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15.4.11 Lower Baseline This gives t
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15.4.19 Vertical stem width This is
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The per-descriptor matching rules f
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The next example defines a family o
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Contents 16 Text 16.1 Indentation:
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16.3.1 Underlining, overlining, str
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Example(s): Consider this example:
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This property controls capitalizati
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Contents 17 Tables 17.1 Introductio
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other document languages (such as X
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’table-footer-group’) element T
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caption’s margin caption caption
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current margins text text text prev
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cells rows row groups columns colum
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The two algorithms are described be
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percentage values of ’height’ r
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Page 284 and 285: far-right Same as ’60deg’. With
Page 286 and 287: fast Same as 300 words per minute.
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Page 292 and 293: SUB { vertical-align: sub } SUP { v
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Page 300 and 301: Square Cove (4) Obtuse Square Cove
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Page 304 and 305: Block Add Block name Unicode range
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Page 310 and 311: pseudo_page : ’:’ IDENT ; font_
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Page 316 and 317: [RFC1630] "Universal Resource Ident
Page 318 and 319: Name ’border-top-width’ [p. 88]
Page 320 and 321: Name ’list-style-type’ [p. 168]
Page 322 and 323: Name ’speech-rate’ [p. 285] Val
Page 324 and 325: Name Values Initial value ’mathli
Page 326 and 327: ’ascent’ (descriptor), 222 aspe
Page 328 and 329: close-quote, 159, 155 collapsing ma
Page 330 and 331: font family, 198 font set, 199 font
Page 332 and 333: definition of, 43 ’letter-spacing
Page 334 and 335: page model, 175 page selector, 176
Page 336 and 337: simple selector, 55 ’size’, 177
Page 338: valid style sheet, 29 value, 41 ver
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