W3C CSS2 Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 - instructional media + ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Full Table of Contents 1 About the CSS2 Specification . . . . . . . . . . 13 . 1.1 Reading the specification . . . . . . . . . 13 . 1.2 How the specification is organized . . . . . . . 13 . 1.3 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . 1.3.1 Document language elements and attributes . . . 14 . 1.3.2 CSS property definitions . . . . . . . . 14 . Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . Initial . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . Applies to . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . Inherited . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . Percentage values . . . . . . . . . . 16 . Media groups . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . 1.3.3 Shorthand properties . . . . . . . . . 16 . 1.3.4 Notes and examples . . . . . . . . . 17 . 1.3.5 Images and long descriptions . . . . . . . 17 . 1.4 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . 17 . 1.5 Copyright Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 . 2 Introduction to CSS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 . 2.1 A brief CSS2 tutorial for HTML . . . . . . . . 21 . 2.2 A brief CSS2 tutorial for XML . . . . . . . . . 23 . 2.3 The CSS2 processing model . . . . . . . . . 25 . 2.3.1 The canvas . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . 2.3.2 CSS2 addressing model . . . . . . . . 26 . 2.4 CSS design principles . . . . . . . . . . 26 . 3 Conformance: Requirements and Recommendations . . . . 29 . 3.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . 3.2 Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . 3.3 Error conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . 3.4 The text/css content type . . . . . . . . . 33 . 4 CSS2 syntax and basic data types . . . . . . . . . 35 . 4.1 Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . 4.1.1 Tokenization . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . 4.1.2 Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . 4.1.3 Characters and case . . . . . . . . . 38 . 4.1.4 Statements . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . 4.1.5 At-rules . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . 4.1.6 Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 . 4.1.7 Rule sets, declaration blocks, and selectors . . . 40 . 4.1.8 Declarations and properties . . . . . . . 41 . 4.1.9 Comments . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . 4.2 Rules for handling parsing errors . . . . . . . . 42 . 4.3 Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . 4.3.1 Integers and real numbers . . . . . . . . 43 . 4.3.2 Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . 4.3.3 Percentages . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . 4
4.3.4 URL + URN = URI . . . . . . . . . . 46 . 4.3.5 Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . 4.3.6 Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . 4.3.7 Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . 4.3.8 Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . 4.3.9 Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . 4.3.10 Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . 4.4 CSS document representation . . . . . . . . 50 . 4.4.1 Referring to characters not represented in a character encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 . 5 Selectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 . 5.1 Pattern matching . . . . . . . . . . . 53 . 5.2 Selector syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 . 5.2.1 Grouping . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 . 5.3 Universal selector . . . . . . . . . . . 55 . 5.4 Type selectors . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 . 5.5 Descendant selectors . . . . . . . . . . 56 . 5.6 Child selectors . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 . 5.7 Adjacent sibling selectors . . . . . . . . . 57 . 5.8 Attribute selectors . . . . . . . . . . . 57 . 5.8.1 Matching attributes and attribute values . . . . 58 . 5.8.2 Default attribute values in DTDs . . . . . . 59 . 5.8.3 Class selectors . . . . . . . . . . 59 . 5.9 ID selectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 . 5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes . . . . . . 61 . 5.11 Pseudo-classes . . . . . . . . . . . 62 . 5.11.1 :first-child pseudo-class . . . . . . . . 62 . 5.11.2 The link pseudo-classes: :link and :visited . . . . 63 . 5.11.3 The dynamic pseudo-classes: :hover, :active, and :focus 63 . 5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :lang . . . . . 65 . 5.12 Pseudo-elements . . . . . . . . . . . 65 . 5.12.1 The :first-line pseudo-element . . . . . . 65 . 5.12.2 The :first-letter pseudo-element . . . . . . 66 . 5.12.3 The :before and :after pseudo-elements . . . . 68 . 6 Assigning property values, Cascading, and Inheritance . . . . 69 . 6.1 Specified, computed, and actual values . . . . . . 69 . 6.1.1 Specified values . . . . . . . . . . 69 . 6.1.2 Computed values . . . . . . . . . . 70 . 6.1.3 Actual values . . . . . . . . . . . 70 . 6.2 Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 . 6.2.1 The ’inherit’ value . . . . . . . . . . 71 . 6.3 The @import rule . . . . . . . . . . . 71 . 6.4 The cascade . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 . 6.4.1 Cascading order . . . . . . . . . . 73 . 6.4.2 !important rules . . . . . . . . . . 73 . 6.4.3 Calculating a selector’s specificity . . . . . . 74 . 6.4.4 Precedence of non-CSS presentational hints . . . 74 . 5
Page 1 and 2: REC-CSS2-19980512 Cascading Style S
Page 3: Quick Table of Contents 1 About the
Page 7 and 8: 9.7 Relationships between ’displa
Page 9 and 10: cursive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Page 11: B.1 New functionality . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15: Section 2: An introduction to CSS2
Page 16 and 17: Initial This part specifies the pro
Page 18 and 19: The section on Paged Media was in l
Page 21 and 22: Contents 2 Introduction to CSS2 2.1
Page 23 and 24: CSS2 has more than 100 different pr
Page 25 and 26: Adding more rules to the style shee
Page 27: Simplicity. CSS2 is more complex th
Page 30 and 31: Document language The encoding lang
Page 32 and 33: 3.2 Conformance This section define
Page 35 and 36: Contents 4 CSS2 syntax and basic da
Page 37 and 38: Macro Definition ident name nmstart
Page 39 and 40: In fact, these two methods may be c
Page 41 and 42: P[example="public class foo\ {\ pri
Page 43 and 44: A user agent conforming to a future
Page 45 and 46: 0.28 mm 1.4 mm viewer 28 inch 71 cm
Page 47 and 48: Example(s): An example without quot
Page 49 and 50: Values outside the device gamut sho
Page 51 and 52: When a style sheet resides in a sep
Page 53 and 54: Contents 5 Selectors 5.1 Pattern ma
Page 55 and 56:
5.2 Selector syntax A simple select
Page 57 and 58:
5.6 Child selectors A child selecto
Page 59 and 60:
Example(s): The following rule hide
Page 61 and 62:
H1#chapter1 { text-align: center }
Page 63 and 64:
Example(s): The following rule sets
Page 65 and 66:
5.11.4 The language pseudo-class: :
Page 67 and 68:
The following CSS2 will make a drop
Page 69 and 70:
6 Assigning property values, Cascad
Page 71 and 72:
BODY { font-size: 10pt } H1 { font-
Page 73 and 74:
6.4.1 Cascading order To find the v
Page 75:
author style sheet and may be overr
Page 78 and 79:
Link to a target medium The bo
Page 80 and 81:
Relationship between media groups a
Page 82 and 83:
Top TM TB TP Margin (Transparent) B
Page 84 and 85:
First element of list Second elemen
Page 86 and 87:
Value: {1,4} | inherit Initial: not
Page 88 and 89:
values, they apply to the top, righ
Page 90 and 91:
’border-color’ Value: {1,4} | t
Page 92 and 93:
Since the initial value of the bord
Page 95 and 96:
Contents 9 Visual formatting model
Page 97 and 98:
9.2 Controlling box generation The
Page 99 and 100:
The P generates a block box, with s
Page 101 and 102:
The properties of the run-in elemen
Page 103 and 104:
Value: static | relative | absolute
Page 105 and 106:
The offset is a fixed distance from
Page 107 and 108:
or like this: Several emphasized wo
Page 109 and 110:
IMG { float: left } BODY, P, IMG {
Page 111 and 112:
image margin paragraph border parag
Page 113 and 114:
Values have the following meanings
Page 115 and 116:
position: fixed; width: 100%; heigh
Page 117 and 118:
Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 1 Be
Page 119 and 120:
Document Window (0,0) (0, 400) 24 p
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Document Window I used two red hyph
Page 127 and 128:
This text will be beneath everythi
Page 129 and 130:
(U+202C) at the end of the element.
Page 131 and 132:
Contents 10 Visual formatting model
Page 133 and 134:
#div1 { position: absolute; left: 5
Page 135 and 136:
(If the border style is ’none’,
Page 137 and 138:
’max-width’ Value: Initial: App
Page 139 and 140:
10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced element
Page 141 and 142:
Value: Initial: Applies to: | | n
Page 143 and 144:
. We recommend a computed value for
Page 145 and 146:
Contents 11 Visual effects 11.1 Ove
Page 147 and 148:
DIV I didn’t like the play, but t
Page 149 and 150:
(0, 0) (50, 0) clip region (0, 55)
Page 151 and 152:
onclick=’show("container2");hid
Page 153 and 154:
12 Generated content, automatic num
Page 155 and 156:
the pseudo-element will behave as i
Page 157 and 158:
’block’: the pseudo-element is
Page 159 and 160:
Approximate rendering ISO 10646 cod
Page 161 and 162:
Value: [ ? ]+ | none | inherit Ini
Page 163 and 164:
Example(s): The following style she
Page 165 and 166:
first or last line box exists in a
Page 167 and 168:
This is a very short document. This
Page 169 and 170:
decimal Decimal numbers, beginning
Page 171 and 172:
inside The marker box is the first
Page 173 and 174:
OL.alpha { list-style: lower-alpha
Page 175 and 176:
Contents 13 Paged media 13.1 Introd
Page 177 and 178:
Sheet Page box A D Page content B C
Page 179 and 180:
13.2.3 Crop marks: the ’marks’
Page 181 and 182:
13.3.1 Break before/after elements:
Page 183 and 184:
Value: | inherit Initial: 2 Applie
Page 185 and 186:
13.4 Cascading in the page context
Page 187 and 188:
Contents 14 Colors and Backgrounds
Page 189 and 190:
This property sets the background i
Page 191 and 192:
User agents may treat ’fixed’ a
Page 193 and 194:
14.3 Gamma correction For informati
Page 195 and 196:
Contents 15 Fonts 15.1 Introduction
Page 197 and 198:
In the CSS2 font model, as in CSS1,
Page 199 and 200:
15.2.2 Font family: the ’font-fam
Page 201 and 202:
normal font. italic Specifies a fon
Page 203 and 204:
1. ultra-condensed 2. extra-condens
Page 205 and 206:
Specifies the aspect value. The num
Page 207 and 208:
15.2.5 Shorthand font property: the
Page 209 and 210:
menu The font used in menus (e.g.,
Page 211 and 212:
Latin fonts Greek fonts Cyrillic fo
Page 213 and 214:
page can be displayed. Progressive
Page 215 and 216:
15.3.2 Descriptors for Selecting a
Page 217 and 218:
15.3.3 Descriptors for Font Data Qu
Page 219 and 220:
Value: [ [format( [, ]*)] | ] [,
Page 221 and 222:
’stemv’ (Descriptor) Value: In
Page 223 and 224:
the extras are ignored. [p. 42] Exa
Page 225 and 226:
Swiss 721 light Swiss 721 Swiss 721
Page 227 and 228:
The ideal solution would be to have
Page 229 and 230:
15.4.11 Lower Baseline This gives t
Page 231 and 232:
15.4.19 Vertical stem width This is
Page 233 and 234:
The per-descriptor matching rules f
Page 235 and 236:
The next example defines a family o
Page 237 and 238:
Contents 16 Text 16.1 Indentation:
Page 239 and 240:
16.3.1 Underlining, overlining, str
Page 241 and 242:
Example(s): Consider this example:
Page 243 and 244:
This property controls capitalizati
Page 245 and 246:
Contents 17 Tables 17.1 Introductio
Page 247 and 248:
other document languages (such as X
Page 249 and 250:
’table-footer-group’) element T
Page 251 and 252:
caption’s margin caption caption
Page 253 and 254:
current margins text text text prev
Page 255 and 256:
cells rows row groups columns colum
Page 257 and 258:
The two algorithms are described be
Page 259 and 260:
percentage values of ’height’ r
Page 262 and 263:
The lengths specify the distance th
Page 264 and 265:
order−width padding padding borde
Page 266 and 267:
An example of a table with collapse
Page 268 and 269:
Each document language may have dif
Page 270 and 271:
270
Page 272 and 273:
help Help is available for the obje
Page 274 and 275:
18.3 User preferences for fonts As
Page 276 and 277:
Example(s): For example, to draw a
Page 278 and 279:
spatial audio), and paragraphs of c
Page 280 and 281:
Value: | | inherit Initial: depen
Page 282 and 283:
Example(s): The following two rules
Page 284 and 285:
far-right Same as ’60deg’. With
Page 286 and 287:
fast Same as 300 words per minute.
Page 288 and 289:
Values have the following meanings:
Page 290 and 291:
290
Page 292 and 293:
SUB { vertical-align: sub } SUP { v
Page 294 and 295:
Dynamic outlines [p. 274] . B.2 Upd
Page 296 and 297:
the native font format on the Amiga
Page 298 and 299:
TrueDoc TrueDoc technology was deve
Page 300 and 301:
Square Cove (4) Obtuse Square Cove
Page 302 and 303:
XHeight Standard/Serifed (4) High/T
Page 304 and 305:
Block Add Block name Unicode range
Page 306 and 307:
This table suggests where such info
Page 308 and 309:
308
Page 310 and 311:
pseudo_page : ’:’ IDENT ; font_
Page 312 and 313:
{num}rad {num}grad {num}ms {num}s {
Page 314 and 315:
[RFC1808] "Relative Uniform Resourc
Page 316 and 317:
[RFC1630] "Universal Resource Ident
Page 318 and 319:
Name ’border-top-width’ [p. 88]
Page 320 and 321:
Name ’list-style-type’ [p. 168]
Page 322 and 323:
Name ’speech-rate’ [p. 285] Val
Page 324 and 325:
Name Values Initial value ’mathli
Page 326 and 327:
’ascent’ (descriptor), 222 aspe
Page 328 and 329:
close-quote, 159, 155 collapsing ma
Page 330 and 331:
font family, 198 font set, 199 font
Page 332 and 333:
definition of, 43 ’letter-spacing
Page 334 and 335:
page model, 175 page selector, 176
Page 336 and 337:
simple selector, 55 ’size’, 177
Page 338:
valid style sheet, 29 value, 41 ver
show all

W3C CSS2 Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 - instructional media + ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?