Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Atallah A. Shaaban<br />
23<br />
<strong>Basic</strong> <strong>Urology</strong><br />
2- Turbidity: Cloudy urine<br />
a) Phosphaturia: The most common cause of cloudy urine.<br />
Phosphate crystals precipitate in alkaline urine causing turbidity. It<br />
clears if acetic acid is added.<br />
b) Uricosuria:<br />
Uric acid crystals are dissolved in urine at body temperature. Uric<br />
acid precipitates if urine is left to cool down at room temperature<br />
causing turbidity. Urine becomes clear if heated.<br />
c) Pyuria :<br />
- Bacterial<br />
- Abacterial or sterile pyuria (stones, obstruction, tumors, T.B.).<br />
- Turbidity which neither disappears by acidification nor by<br />
heating is caused by pus.<br />
3- Pneumaturia<br />
The passage of gas bubbles in urine can be caused by:<br />
a- Fistula between bowel and bladder secondary to diverticulitis,<br />
regional ileitis, trauma and colon cancer. Coexistant fecaluria is<br />
present.<br />
b- UTI by sugar-fermenting organisms in poorly controlled diabetic<br />
patients.<br />
c- Iatrogenic: recent urinary tract instrumentation.<br />
d- Congenital: Urethro-rectal fistula.<br />
4- Necroturia<br />
The passage of pieces of tumor tissue in cases of carcinoma of the<br />
bilharzial bladder and described by the patient as "pieces of fat".<br />
5- Passage of stones.
Change language