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Program, Abstracts, and Guidebooks - University of Minnesota Duluth

Program, Abstracts, and Guidebooks - University of Minnesota Duluth

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-8-<br />

SYNTHESIS OF EARLY PRECAMBRIAN STRATIGRAPHY<br />

NORTH OF LAKE SUPERIOR<br />

LORNE D. AYRES<br />

Ontario Department <strong>of</strong> Mines<br />

Toronto<br />

A section from Lake Superior Park to Geraldton, Ontario crosses three<br />

major, east-trending, Early Precambrian, lithologic <strong>and</strong> structural elements<br />

<strong>of</strong> the Superior Province <strong>of</strong> the Canadian Shield. From south to north these<br />

are the northern part <strong>of</strong> the Abitibi isl<strong>and</strong> arc, the Quetico sedimentary<br />

basin, <strong>and</strong> the southern part <strong>of</strong> the Keewatin isl<strong>and</strong> arc.<br />

Both the Abitibi <strong>and</strong> Keewatin arcs are formed from coalescing, subaqueous,<br />

basaltic shield volcanoes capped by subaerial to subaqueous, felsic to<br />

intermediate pyroclastic cones. Volcaniclastic greywacke sequences derived<br />

from felsic volcanism accumulated in intervolcano basins <strong>and</strong> partly overlap<br />

the felsic pyroclastic deposits. Small trondhjemite cratons within the<br />

isl<strong>and</strong> arcs were a local sOurce <strong>of</strong> sedimentary detritus. Although the<br />

isl<strong>and</strong> arcs have easterly trends, individual basins <strong>and</strong> volcanoes have<br />

diverse trends.<br />

Along the north edge <strong>of</strong> the Abitibi arc from Schreiber to Wawa, three<br />

isolated sedimentary formations were deposited in intervolcano basins, but<br />

they are all tongues <strong>of</strong> an extremely thick greywacke <strong>and</strong> siltstone formation<br />

deposited in the Quetico basin north <strong>of</strong> the arc. The formations become<br />

progressively younger from west to east.<br />

The sedimentary rocks <strong>of</strong> the Quetico basin, which are equivalent to the<br />

Couchiching Formation <strong>of</strong> western Ontario, overlie <strong>and</strong> intertongue with. the<br />

volcanic formations <strong>of</strong> the Abitibi arc <strong>and</strong> the source area was probably within<br />

the arc. Along the north edge <strong>of</strong> the basin, however, the sedimentary rocks<br />

underlie <strong>and</strong> intertongue with the volcanic formations <strong>of</strong> the Keewatin arc.!<br />

In this area, Keewatin volcanism is thus younger than Abitibi volcanism.

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