Introduction to Syntax Session 1

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Poverty of stimulus a) Who(m) did you say Paul hit ___? b) Who(m) did you say that Paul hit ___ ? c) Who did you say ___ hit Bill? d) *Who did you say that ___ hit Bill? • How does the child know that d) is ungrammatical if it does not get negative evidence? • How can it be sure that it has heard the crucial set of data to build up a rule on grounds of this input? (poverty of stimulus argument)? 27.05.2008 Some slides are adapted from material of A. Carnie 14
Language as an instinct • Noam Chomsky The ability of humans to use language is innate, an instinct. We are prewired to use language! 27.05.2008 Some slides are adapted from material of A. Carnie 15
Page 1 and 2: Introduction to Syntax Session 1 In
Page 3 and 4: The Plan • The topics that are di
Page 5 and 6: Homework • Homework exercises are
Page 7 and 8: Presentations • The final version
Page 9 and 10: What is Syntax? • The scientific
Page 11 and 12: How do we acquire languages? • We
Page 13: Subconscious knowledge • We have
Page 17 and 18: Presentation Topic 1 Nature versus
Page 19 and 20: Parts of Speech • We will go thro
Page 21 and 22: Lexical Ambiguity • Words can hav
Page 23 and 24: umfahren has two meanings: Lexical
Page 25 and 26: Morpho-syntactic Ambiguity • An E
Page 27 and 28: Syntactic Structure • Ambiguities
Page 29 and 30: Parsing Preferences • Unexpectedl
Page 31 and 32: Garden Path Sentences Peter sagt, d
Page 33 and 34: Presentation Topic 2 Overview Artic
Page 35 and 36: Picture NPs • NPs of the “Xself
Page 37 and 38: Presentation Topic 3 Picture-NPs--
Page 39 and 40: • E.g. X-bar theory says that com
Page 41 and 42: Expletives • There are verbs that
Page 43 and 44: Presentation Topic 4 Paper for pres
Page 45 and 46: Word Order • Languages exhibit di
Page 47 and 48: Presentation Topic 5 Paper for pres
Page 49 and 50: Presentation Topic 6 Word Order in
Page 51 and 52: Embedded Clauses in German • As p
Page 53 and 54: Presentation Topic 7 Embedded Claus
Page 55 and 56: DP- and WH-Movement • Not only ve
Page 57 and 58: WH-Movement in Bavarian • But the
Page 59 and 60: Empirical Evidence for Traces • I
Page 61 and 62: Presentation Topic 9 Pullum’s Pap
Page 63 and 64: Crosslinguistic Evidence for Little
Page 65 and 66:
Presentation Topic 10 Little vP and
Page 67 and 68:
Raising and Control • Raising and
Page 69 and 70:
Dena is reluctant to leave. ⇒ tha
Page 71 and 72:
Syntactic Frameworks • Finally, w
Page 73 and 74:
Session Planning 01 October 16 Intr
Page 75 and 76:
Session Planning 08 December 4 Head
Page 77 and 78:
Session Planning 14 January 15 Expa
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Introduction to Syntax Session 1

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