Abstract book 6th RMS 16.indd

439
Insulin Vials vs. Insulin Cartridges:
Further Cost Considerations
Mohammad Ghassan Al-Sharayri Pharm*,
Capt. pharm. Tareq M. Alsabrah Capt. pharm.
Tariq M. Aljbori Capt. pharm. Ala’a eddeen K.
Abu-Rumman Maj. pharm. Rabia J. Al Jabrah,
* Pharmacist, Royal Medical Services (Jordan)
alsharayri@yahoo.com
Objectives: To highlight further cost
considerations associated with the wastage
in the use of insulin vials and cartridges in
the Jordanian Royal Medical Services.
Methods: Two random samples were
selected from prescriptions dispensed for
diabetic patients using insulin in January
2012 from the outpatient pharmacy in
Al-Hussein Hospital, King Hussein Medical
Center, Amman, Jordan. First sample was
selected from prescriptions of patients
using vials; second sample was selected
from prescriptions of patients using
pens and cartridges. Average costs for
insulin and wastage were calculated per
patient from the Royal Medical Services
perspective.
Results: The average direct cost per
patient using vials was JD 5.197 and for
those using cartridges this was JD 22.135.
The average wasted quantity per patient in
the first sample was more than ten times
that of the second sample. The cost of the
average wasted quantity per patient in the
first sample (1.022 JD) was more than the
double that in the second sample (0.441
JD).
Conclusion: Although the direct cost of
insulin per patient by using vials was lower
than cartridges, there was a substantial
reduction in the cost of wastage by using
the cartridges in the Jordanian Royal
Medical Services outpatients.
440
Effect of Smoking on Tacrolimus
Trough Concentration and Renal
Function in Jordanian Renal
Transplant Recipients
Muhammad Al-Ulemat MSc Clinical Pharmacist*,
Ikbal Thuhirat MSc.Clin. Pharm., Hadeel
El- Zayyat MSc.Clin. Pharm., Arwa Alhroot
BSc. Pharm., Amin Alquda MD - Royal Medical
Services/ King Hussein Medical Center,
Amman, Jordan
* Clinical Pharmacist Directorate of Pharmacy
& Drugs, Royal Medical Services - Amman
(Jordan)
muhammadolemat@yahoo.com
Objectives: To determine the impact
of smoking on Tacrolimus trough
concentration dose adjusted Tacrolimus
trough concentration, Tacrolimus dose
requirement, renal function and to evaluate
the prevalence of smoking in Jordanian
renal transplant recipients (RTRs).
Methods: A cross-sectional observational
study was carried out to assess the impact of
smoking on renal function and Tacrolimus
trough concentrations in 57 RTRs aged
35.68±8.46 years and 59.6% were males.
Posttransplantation renal function was
analyzed based on serum creatinine and
creatinine clearance. Demographic and
clinical data were collected with a patient
interview during their routine outpatient
visits and from medical files.
Results: Twenty seven RTRs (47.3%)
were smokers, while 30 (52.7%) were
nonsmokers. Smoker recipients required
30% (0.21±0.08 mg/kg/day) significantly
higher doses (mg/kg/day) than those of
nonsmoker recipients (0.146±0.10 mg/
kg/day) (p-value=0.02) in order to achieve
target level of 5-7 ng/ml. At the same time
smokers show (50%) lower dose adjusted
Tacrolimus trough level (106.8±45.4 ng/
ml per mg/kg/day) versus nonsmoker
recipients (194.24±111 ng/ml per mg/
kg /day), (p=0.007). Smokers show
significantly higher serum creatinine than
nonsmoker RTRs (p=0.005).
Conclusion: The present study finds that
smoking is prevalent among Jordanian
PTRs. Also the study concludes that
Smokers RTRs require higher doses of
tacrolimus than that of nonsmoker RTRs.
Concurrently, smoker RTRs will show mean
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