Leaf colour patterns, vegetative and sexual reproduction of Episcia ...

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Table 2: Episcia lilacina; overview of the different stages of bud development. Stage Photo Time period 1 12-14 days 2 3-4 days 3 3-4 days 4 1 day 58
Anthesis The term “anthesis” describes the whole period in which a flower is active i.e. as long as pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive. The flowers of Episcia lilacina are proteandrous. Male and female stages proceed separately. This chapter deals with the process of Episcia lilacina’s anthesis. Materials and Methods: The process of anthesis was documented using the same plants and methods as in the last chapter. To assure the receptivity of the stigma, potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) was dissolved in water. This solution was transferred to the stigma, which in case of receptivity should turn black. Unfortunately the stigma turned black every time as soon as it came in contact with KMnO 4 . Receptivity was efficiently measured via observation because of the swelling of the stigma lobes. Results: The male stage (Fig. 27, left) of anthesis starts between four and five o’clock in the morning. Shortly after the opening of the flower the release of pollen begins. The four anthers open and the pollen is presented freely accessible. Between four and five o’clock in the afternoon the filaments coil. The stigma is still immature. The style has not reached its full length. Thus the male stage comes to an end. In the course of the next hours the style grows in length so that the stigma reaches the location that was held before by the anthers. During this growth the stigma becomes receptive. The female stage (Fig. 27, right) begins in the subsequent night between midnight and four a.m. and lasts one or two days. The end of the receptivity of style is signified by shrivelled stigma lobes. The corolla detaches itself and drops. The style stays prominent for a few days and withers afterwards. If a successful pollination took place a growth of fruit becomes recognizable after around three days. 59
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DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit
Page 5 and 6:
Table of Contents _________________
Page 7:
Abstract __________________________
Page 10 and 11:
Verbreitung von Samen. Ein weiterer
Page 12 and 13:
Daten wurden immer zwischen 9 und 1
Page 14 and 15: Anthese. Die männliche Phase der A
Page 16 and 17: Schmetterlinge als legitime Bestäu
Page 18 and 19: Likewise nothing is known about the
Page 20 and 21: 2. The subfamily of Epithematoideae
Page 23 and 24: Literature Cited __________________
Page 25: Ntefidou M., Manetas Y. 1996. Optic
Page 28 and 29: and the measurements were compared
Page 30 and 31: Figure 2 shows a photo of the mothe
Page 32 and 33: 14000 50 Incoming light (Lux) 12000
Page 34 and 35: Figure 5: Episcia lilacina; leaf ty
Page 36 and 37: Proof of Anthocyanins and Analysis
Page 38 and 39: Figure 13 Episcia lilacina; cross-s
Page 40 and 41: Figure 15 Episcia lilacina; Alticin
Page 42 and 43: Figure 16: Positive correlation bet
Page 44 and 45: darker morphs. The results can, how
Page 46 and 47: 40000 50 Incoming light (Lux) 35000
Page 48 and 49: Figure 19 Episcia lilacina; plant o
Page 50 and 51: morphs are adapted to higher sun ir
Page 52 and 53: Hoffman S. 1999. Die Wirkung von UV
Page 55 and 56: PART 2 Investigations of Flowers of
Page 57 and 58: An analysis of the corolla’s capa
Page 59 and 60: (1983) flowers of a given syndrome
Page 61 and 62: Table 1: Measured floral characteri
Page 63: Materials and Methods: The investig
Page 67 and 68: espectively. Any explicit conclusio
Page 69 and 70: Discussion: A fruit set of 19% seem
Page 71 and 72: Results: The results are listed in
Page 73 and 74: Materials and Methods: Episcia lila
Page 75 and 76: p.m. - was made. To avoid scaring o
Page 77: Summary ___________________________
Page 80 and 81: Dreisig H. 1997. Why do some nectar
Page 82 and 83: Roubik D.W., Sakai S., Mattesco F.
Page 85: Danksagung ________________________
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