Part 2: Nematocera and Aschiza not dealt with by Falk (1991) - JNCC

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MYCOMYA OCCULTANS A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce) Order DIPTERA Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Mycomya occultans (Winnertz, 1863) Identification Figured by Chandler (1992b) and keyed by Väisänen (1984). Distribution First recorded as British from two localities in South Wales: Black Cliff, Monmouthshire (1989) and Oxwich NNR, Glamorgan (1956), but since 1990 it has been found at eleven sites in southern England: Monk Woods (2000), Brown’s Folly (2000), Weston Big Wood (2001) and Goblin Combe (2004), Somerset; Rotherfield Park, Hampshire (2002); Long Wood, Basted (1996) and Wrotham Water Downs (1998), Kent; Windsor Forest, Berkshire (1994); Burnham Beeches NNR (1995, 1998) and Weston Turville Reservoir, a BBOWT Reserve (2002), Buckinghamshire; Standish Wood, Gloucestershire (2004). Habitat Probably broad-leaved woodland with a good supply of dead wood. Ecology Abroad it has been reared from bracket fungi of the genera Daedalea, Lenzites, Piptoporus and Plicaturopsis growing on broad-leaved trees; larvae are presumed to be web spinners on the surface of the fungus like other members of the genus. Adults recorded from June to October. Status M. occultans was earlier confused with the common species Mycomya marginata (Meigen) and was recorded as British by Verrall (1901) on specimens of M. marginata. It is widespread in Europe and may prove to be widespread here also. Not listed in Shirt (1987) and status revised from RDB 1 (Falk 1991). Threats Clearance of woodland for intensive forestry or agriculture. Removal of old or diseased trees and dead wood on which host fungi are dependent. Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a natural state, retaining any old trees and dead wood, ensuring the continuity of these habitats in the future. Published sources Chandler (1992b); Clemons (2000); Gibbs (2002). MYCOMYA ORNATA A fungus gnat Order DIPTERA Mycomya ornata (Meigen, 1818) DATA DEFICIENT Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Identification Keyed by Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980). Distribution An essentially northern species, with most records from Scotland and only one confirmed English record: Crowborough, Sussex (1915, F. Jenkinson); Aviemore (1903, J.J.F.X. King; 1934, H. Britten), Logie (1910, F. Jenkinson) and Nethy Bridge (1906, , J.J.F.X. King), Elgin; Newtonmore (1905, F. Jenkinson) and Culbin Forest (23 October 2000, P.J. Chandler), Easterness. Other English records are based on misidentifications. Habitat Most records probably refer to woodland but there are no precise habitat details except for Culbin Forest, which is Pinus woodland. Ecology Biology unknown. The rearing records cited by Yakovlev (1994) are old and cannot be confirmed as relating to M. ornata rather than another member of its group. The larvae of this genus have been reared from fungi or associated with fungi on dead wood and are web spinners, living on the surface of the substrate. Adults recorded from August to October. Status A very local species with only one known post 1960 site and not previously recorded since 1934. Its flight period may account for it being unrecorded on recent Scottish surveys. Before 1941, five species were confused under this name, including the common species Mycomya prominens (Lundström) and M. tumida (Winnertz). All older literature records are therefore unreliable, including that for Staffordshire repeated by Emley (1992). Chandler (1991c) found that the Lancashire and Cheshire records by Kidd & Brindle (1959) were also erroneous. Currently there is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction. Status revised from RDB 3 (Shirt 1987 and Falk 1991). Threats Uncertain other than clearance of native woodland for intensive forestry or agriculture. Removal of any old trees or dead wood which might support suitable fungi. Management and conservation Unclear other than maintaining habitats in a natural state, ensuring the continued availability of dead wood or mature trees. Published sources Edwards (1941); Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980). MYCOMYA PARVA A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce) Order DIPTERA Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Mycomya parva (Dziedzicki, 1885) Identification Keyed by Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980). Distribution Most records are from the south but there are recent records from northern England, Wales and Scotland: Devon, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Kent, Essex, Hertfordshire, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, Suffolk, Huntingdonshire, Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Durham (Rosa Shafto, 1987); Monmouthshire, Chirk Castle Park, Denbighshire (1996), Denbighshire; Perthshire (Birks of Aberfeldy, 1990). Habitat Mainly dry broad-leaved woodland and older mature hedges. Ecology Biology unknown. The larvae of this genus have been reared from fungi or associated with fungi on dead wood and are web spinners, living on the surface of the substrate. Adults recorded from June to October. Status A local mainly southern species with about 25 post 1960 sites. It was found frequently at Windsor Forest, Berkshire from 1986 to 1991 and is probably underrecorded to some extent. Status revised from RDB 3 (Shirt 1987). Threats Clearance of woodland for intensive forestry or agriculture and removal or mismanagement of mature 96
hedgerows. Removal of any old trees or dead wood which might support suitable fungi. Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a natural state, retaining old or diseased trees and dead wood. Maintain old hedges and associated ditches with a diverse structure including mature trees, shrubs and herbaceous vegetation to provide shelter, retaining any dead wood. Published sources Edwards (1925); Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980); Judd (1999b). MYCOMYA PECTINIFERA A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce) Order DIPTERA Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Mycomya pectinifera Edwards, 1924 Identification Keyed by Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980). Distribution South-west England and South Wales: Cornwall (Antony, 1972; Peter’s Wood, 2000); Devon (eighteen sites, 1987 to 1989); Somerset (ten sites, 1985, 1986, 2004); Wiltshire (5 sites, 2003, 2004); Dorset (Woolcombe, 1987); Gloucestershire (4 sites, 2002, 2004); Glamorgan (Mill Woods, Penrice, 1994); Carmarthenshire (Dinefwr Deer Park, 1996). Habitat Most sites are broad-leaved woodland with streams and damp areas; the earlier Cornwall site is a wood by an estuary. Ecology Biology unknown. The larvae of this genus have been reared from fungi or associated with fungi on dead wood and are web spinners, living on the surface of the substrate. Adults recorded from June to October. Status The 42 known sites are all post 1970 and it had probably been overlooked previously because of its apparently restricted distribution in Britain. However, it has proved to be one of the commonest species of Mycetophilidae in some of the Devon and Somerset sites. In view of a wide European distribution its restriction to the south-west is difficult to explain. Status revised from RDB 1 (Shirt 1987) and from RDB 3 (Falk 1991). Threats Clearance of native woodland for agriculture or intensive forestry. Removal of any dead wood and old or diseased trees which may support suitable fungi. Management and conservation Maintain woodland in a natural state, retaining any old trees or dead wood, especially in damp shaded situations conducive to fungal growth. Avoid drainage of marshy areas and ensure that woodland streams remain shaded and undisturbed. Published sources Chandler (1987b, 1992b); Hutson (1978); Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980); Hutson & Kidd (1975); Levey & Pavett (2000a). MYCOMYA PERMIXTA A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Near Threatened) Order DIPTERA Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Mycomya permixta Väisänen, 1984 Identification The male genitalia were figured by Väisänen (1984) and by Chandler (1987b). Distribution Five known sites in the Scottish Highlands: Aberfoyle (6, 14 and 18 September 1905, A.E.J. Carter) and Balquhidder, Stob Brona (2 October 1966, G. Hosie), Perthshire; Grantown-on-Spey, Elgin (20 September 1989, P.J. Chandler); Creag an Lochainn (15 September 2000, I. Perry) and Reelig Glen, Easterness (1999, P.J. Chandler). Habitat Broad-leaved woodland. The Grantown-on-Spey record was from the Birch (Betula) and aspen (Populus tremula) woodland on the south bank of the River Spey. Ecology This has been reared from the bolete Leccinum scabrum in Europe. It is unclear whether larvae had the surface web spinning habit found in other species of this genus which have been reared. Adults recorded in September and October. Status A poorly known species, which was confused with the related spring-flying Mycomya maura (Walker) (a frequent southern species) until the revision of the genus by Väisänen (1984) and thus it may have been overlooked elsewhere. Not listed in Shirt (1987). Status revised from RDB 1 (Falk, 1991). Threats Clearance of woodland for intensive forestry or agriculture. Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a natural state with a mosaic of habitats. Retain any mature trees and avoid damage to soil structure which could affect mycorrhizal fungi. Published sources Chandler (1987b, 1992b); Väisänen (1984). MYCOMYA PUNCTATA A fungus gnat Order DIPTERA Mycomya punctata (Meigen, 1804) DATA DEFICIENT Family MYCETOPHILIDAE Identification Keyed by Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980). Distribution Only two British records: near Fort William, Westerness (30 August 1921, J.J.F.X. King); Cluadale, Eigg, North Ebudes (28 May 1970, A.M. Hutson). Habitat Unclear. Ecology Biology unknown. The record from Trametes cited by Yakovlev (1994) is old and may not relate to this species, the name having been used in some earlier literature for the common species Mycomya marginata (Meigen). The larvae of this genus have been reared from fungi or associated with fungi on dead wood and are web spinners, living on the surface of the substrate. Status Unclear. The Westerness specimen was labelled only “three mile west” and was thought to be from near Glasgow 97
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Species Status No. 2 A review of th
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Clastobasis alternans (Winnertz) se
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1. Introduction The first account o
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NNR), which are now in Oxfordshire,
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species must, therefore, be extrapo
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e more objectively and consistently
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Species have been assigned to a thr
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5.3. The IUCN criteria for Critical
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2. A continuing decline, observed,
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Wiltshire, Buckingham Thick Copse i
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Anatella dampfi Landrock. This was
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Exechiopsis dumitrescae Burghele-Ba
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Rymosia signatipes (van der Wulp).
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Suffolk). These records show that L
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said overall is that these 22 are t
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not considered likely to merit cons
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Chalarus argenteus Coe. Berkshire (
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7. Taxonomic list of species previo
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Scientific name Shirt 1987 Falk 199
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10. Species listed by status catego
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Anatella pseudogibba Plassmann Bole
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Macrocera maculata Meigen Macrocera
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Platypezidae Lonchopteridae Pipuncu
Page 49 and 50: Scientific name Shirt 1987 Falk 199
Page 57: 12. Criteria used for assigning spe
Page 60 and 61: ecently recognised in Britain and i
Page 62 and 63: Distribution Records widely dispers
Page 64 and 65: Retain any dead wood and old or dis
Page 66 and 67: Management and conservation Retain
Page 68 and 69: Cambridgeshire; Thorne Moors NNR, Y
Page 70 and 71: Habitat Appears to mainly favour Pi
Page 72 and 73: ALLODIA WESTERHOLTI A fungus gnat D
Page 74 and 75: Habitat Woodland and dunes. As well
Page 76 and 77: BOLETINA SILVATICA A fungus gnat Or
Page 78 and 79: Fen, Taynton Fen, Weston Green) (19
Page 80 and 81: Distribution Scattered across south
Page 82 and 83: Skye, North Ebudes (1991); Braelang
Page 84 and 85: Published sources Chandler (1998b,
Page 86 and 87: or damage to leaf litter or soil st
Page 88 and 89: Habitat Montane tundra. The species
Page 90 and 91: (1982), Dulsie (1989), Glen Affric,
Page 92 and 93: Management and conservation Maintai
Page 94 and 95: Published sources Chandler (1977a).
Page 96 and 97: Status Until recently a poorly know
Page 98 and 99: Threats Clearance of woodland for i
Page 102 and 103: (Edwards 1941; Hutson, Ackland & Ki
Page 104 and 105: that there is a succession of trees
Page 106 and 107: wood. Adults recorded from June to
Page 108 and 109: Status First recognised as British
Page 110 and 111: Scotland. Currently there is inadeq
Page 112 and 113: Ecology Biology unknown. The larvae
Page 114 and 115: Management and conservation Maintai
Page 116 and 117: SCIOPHILA ANTIQUA A fungus gnat LOW
Page 118 and 119: Quoich, Mar Lodge Estate, Braemar,
Page 120 and 121: Published sources Chandler (1992b,
Page 122 and 123: TARNANIA TARNANII A fungus gnat LOW
Page 124 and 125: TRICHONTA ICENICA A fungus gnat LOW
Page 126 and 127: Encourage future survival of sites
Page 128 and 129: Ecology The larvae are aquatic filt
Page 130 and 131: temporary water bodies are known to
Page 132 and 133: or falling in strong winds. Some of
Page 134 and 135: throughout Britain, tending to conf
Page 136 and 137: Wood, Herefordshire (1912); Porthca
Page 138 and 139: to September 1914, H.St J.K. Donist
Page 140 and 141: Status A poorly known species, whic
Page 142 and 143: TRIPHLEBA FLEXIPALPIS A scuttle fly
Page 144 and 145: Threats The clearance of valley woo
Page 146 and 147: CEPHALOSPHAERA GERMANICA A big-head
Page 148 and 149: DORYLOMORPHA ALBITARSIS A big-heade
Page 150 and 151:
EUDORYLAS FUSCULUS A big-headed fly
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Management and conservation Maintai
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Threats Habitat loss to agriculture
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Bowdrey, J. 2003. The flat-footed f
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Chandler, P.J. 1990. Notes on Macro
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Clemons, L. 1994b. Lonchoptera niti
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Disney, R.H.L. & Chapman, J.W. 2001
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Falk, S.J. & Gibbs, D. 2004. Dorylo
Page 166 and 167:
Holmes, P.R., Boyce, D.C. & Reed, D
Page 168 and 169:
Kloet, G.S. & Hincks, W.D. 1976. A
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Morgan, M.J. 1987. Reappearance of
Page 172 and 173:
Ševčík, J. 2001b. A new species
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Verrall, G.H. 1901b. List of Britis
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172
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Auchenbowie, 91 Auchmore Woods, 116
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Cawthorne, 58, 71 Cefn Cennarth, 57
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Dowlings Wood, 21, 60 Downderry, 11
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Gunnerside, 107, 118 Gwaun Gartheno
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Llyn Fawnog, 65 Llyn Hafodol, 69, 8
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nonnisilva, Sciophila, 23, 34, 49 N
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River Luineag, 99 River Monnow, 139
Page 192 and 193:
Thaumalea, 25, 42, 50, 128 The Coom
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Part 2: Nematocera and Aschiza not dealt with by Falk (1991) - JNCC

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