Part 2: Nematocera and Aschiza not dealt with by Falk (1991) - JNCC

Status A rather local but probably under-recorded species,
with one site in 1905 and ten sites post 1970.
Threats Clearance of damp woodland for agriculture or
intensive forestry; removal of any old lichen covered trees
and dead wood. Atmospheric pollution could be a problem
if lichens are an essential requirement.
Management and conservation Maintain native
woodlands in a natural state, retaining any old trees with
lichen cover and ensuring their continuity in the future.
Published sources Chandler (1987b, 1991c); Hutson,
Ackland & Kidd (1980); Judd (1999b); Levey & Pavett
(2000b).
DOCOSIA SP. INDET.
A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce)
Order DIPTERA
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Docosia sp. indet. of Hutson, Ackland & Kidd (1980)
Identification Keyed and figured by Hutson, Ackland &
Kidd (1980); also figured by Chandler (1987b).
Distribution Scattered records but appears to be mainly
northern and western in occurrence: New Forest, Hampshire
(1907); Wychwood NNR, Oxfordshire (1991); Nant Sere
Wood, Breconshire (1977); Chirk Castle Park, Denbighshire
(1996); Stanley, River Tay (1991) and Weem Castle Woods
(1992), Perthshire; Den of Airlie, Angus (1977); Belladrum
Burn, Easterness (1984).
Habitat Damp broad-leaved woodland.
Ecology Biology unknown. Members of this genus have
been reared from fungi and bird’s nests, but the biology of
most species is unknown. Adults of this species recorded
from May to July and at Nant Sere Wood were found
together with D. setosa Landrock around lichen covered tree
trunks, a habit also found in other species including the
common D. sciarina (Meigen), suggesting a possible larval
association.
Status A poorly known species, also recognised in central
Europe but not yet formally described. It was not listed in
Shirt (1987).
Threats Clearance of damp woodland for agriculture or
intensive forestry; removal of old lichen covered trees and
dead wood. Atmospheric pollution could also be a problem
if lichens are an essential requirement.
Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a
natural state, including old trees with lichen cover and dead
wood, ensuring the continuity of these habitats in the future.
Published sources Chandler (1987b); Hutson, Ackland &
Kidd (1980); Judd (1999b).
DYNATOSOMA COCHLEARE
A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce)
Order DIPTERA
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Dynatosoma cochleare Edwards, 1941
Identification The male genitalia were figured by Landrock
(1918b) and Zaitzev (1986).
Distribution Widely dispersed in the Scottish Highlands,
and thought to be confined there in Britain until it was
discovered since 1990 at scattered sites in England and
more recently in South Wales: Conford, Hampshire (1990);
King’s Forest, Suffolk (2000, 2002); Soughley Bridge, near
Wharncliffe Wood, Yorkshire (2003); Merthyr Mawr SSSI,
Glamorgan (1999); Cuildochart, Perthshire (1992);
Banchory (1918), Balmoral Forest (1937), Tornasheen
Forest (1993) and Dubh Ghleann, Mar Lodge Estate (2000),
Aberdeenshire; Aviemore (1903), Logie (1913) and Nethy
Bridge (1922, 1923) and Ellan Wood, Carr Bridge (2002),
Elgin; Nairn (1909), Loch an Eilein (1986), Abernethy
Forest NNR (1986) and Loch Garten (2003), Easterness;
Loch Maree Islands NNR, West Ross (1991); Dingwall,
East Ross (1909).
Habitat Mainly broad-leaved woodland, but mixed at some
Scottish sites. The Hampshire site is an ancient woodland
with streams and wet areas. At Loch an Eilein it was found
on the foliage of an isolated Oak (Quercus).
Ecology Biology unrecorded but related species develop in
polypore fungi. The Loch Maree Islands record was a
rearing from under Pine (Pinus) bark, probably a pupation
site. Adults recorded from June to October.
Status Having been relatively frequent in the Scottish
Highlands in the early part of the last century, it was not
recorded between 1937 and 1986, since when it has been
found at nine further Scottish sites (suggesting a resurgence)
and four sites in England and Wales. Status revised from
RDB 2 (Shirt 1987 and Falk 1991).
Threats Clearance of native woodland for intensive forestry
or agriculture. Removal of any dead wood and old or
diseased trees which may support host fungi.
Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a
natural state, ensuring the continuity of old tress and dead
wood in the future.
Published sources Edwards (1941).
DYNATOSOMA NIGROMACULATUM
A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce)
Order DIPTERA
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Dynatosoma nigromaculatum Lundström, 1913
Identification The characters were defined by Kidd &
Ackland (1970); the male genitalia were figured by
Lundström (1913), Landrock (1918b) and Zaitzev (1986).
Chandler (1998b) indicated that this species was
synonymous with D. abdominale (Staeger, 1840), but this
synonymy is now refuted (Ševčík 2001b; also see Chandler
2001a) so the name nigromaculatum is retained here.
Distribution Records widely dispersed in the Scottish
Highlands: Allt nan Bogair (1998), Carie (1987) and
Camghouran (1987, 1999) south of Loch Rannoch, Tummel
Forest (1975), Blairgowrie (1910) and Foss Bridge (1974),
Perthshire; Mid Quoich, Mar Lodge Estate, Aberdeenshire
(2000); East Tomich (1962), Feshie Bridge (1973), Kinrara
(1967), Loch an Eilein (1967), Glen Garry (1962), Loch
Meiklie (1997), Glen Coiltie (1997, 2003) and River
Findhorn, Dulsie (2003), Easterness; Logie (1909),
Craigellachie NNR (1967), Dulicht Wood (1997) and River
Spey, Grantown-on-Spey (2003), Elgin; Tokavaig Wood,
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