Part 2: Nematocera and Aschiza not dealt with by Falk (1991) - JNCC

wood. Adults recorded from June to August, the Dinefwr
record in October.
Status First discovered as British in North Wales in 1976
and subsequent records suggest it to be a local mainly
northern and western species. Not listed in Shirt (1987) and
status revised from RDB 2 (Falk 1991).
Threats Clearance of woodland for intensive forestry or
agriculture. Removal of any old trees or dead wood which
may support breeding sites.
Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a
natural state, retaining any old trees and dead wood,
especially in damp shaded situations, ensuring continuity of
these habitats in the future. Avoid drainage of marshy areas
or disturbance to woodland streams.
Published sources Chandler (1992c, 2003); Levey & Pavett
(2000a).
PHRONIA INTERSTINCTA
A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce)
Order DIPTERA
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Phronia interstincta Dziedzicki, 1889
Identification The male genitalia were figured by
Dziedzicki (1889).
Distribution A northern and western species, with records
for the south-west, North Wales, northern England and
Scotland: Brownsham, Devon (1989); Clough Wood,
Yorkshire (2001); Grange-over-Sands, Westmorland
(1924); Cwm Bychan, Merionethshire (1976); Aber Valley,
Caernarvonshire (1987); Cally Palace, Kirkcudbrightshire
(1982); Black Wood of Rannoch (1988, 1992), Bridge of
Balgie (1988) and Struan Wood (1997), Perthshire;
Banchory (1916) and Dubh Ghleann, Mar Lodge Estate
(2000), Aberdeenshire; Dalnapot (1982), Garten Bridge
(1982), Loch Garten (1997, 2002), Lochanhully (1991),
Aviemore (1934), Craigellachie NNR (1998) Elgin;
Glenmore (1913), Creag Dhubh (1997), Glen Affric (1997,
1999), Rothiemurchus (1998), Abernethy Forest NNR
(1999) and Feshie Bridge (2002), Easterness; Migdale
Wood (1994) and Torboll Wood (1999), East Sutherland.
Habitat Damp woodland, mainly broad-leaved but also
Caledonian pine (Pinus) forest.
Ecology Biology unknown. The larvae of this genus mainly
develop on the surface of fungi encrusting damp rotten
wood. Adults recorded from February to July.
Status A local species, but of 25 recorded sites, 21 are post
1970 and it is considered likely to be under-recorded
especially in the less worked parts of Wales and Scotland.
Status revised from RDB 3 (Shirt 1987 and Falk 1991).
Threats Clearance of damp woodland for intensive forestry
or agriculture. Removal of any dead wood or old trees
which may support breeding sites.
Management and conservation Maintain woodlands in a
natural state, retaining old trees and dead wood especially in
damp shaded situations, ensuring the continuity of these
habitats in the future and avoid drainage of flushes and
seepages.
Published sources Coldwell (2003); Edwards (1913, 1925);
Kidd & Brindle (1959).
PHRONIA MUTABILIS
A fungus gnat LOWER RISK (Nationally Scarce)
Order DIPTERA
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Phronia mutabilis Dziedzicki, 1889
Identification The male genitalia were figured by
Dziedzicki (1889) and by Gagné (1975).
Distribution Only recently recognised in Britain but
already found to occur widely, with records scattered in the
following areas: Savernake Forest, Wiltshire; four sites in
Norfolk; Nesbitt Dene, Durham; Crymlyn Bog NNR and
Kenfig NNR, Glamorgan; Coed Ganllwyd NNR,
Merionethshire; twenty known Scottish sites in Lanarkshire,
Perthshire, Elgin, Easterness and East Ross.
Habitat Some sites are ancient Caledonian pine forest but
others are broad-leaved woodland, wet heath or fen.
Ecology Biology unknown. The larvae of this genus mainly
develop on the surface of fungi encrusting damp rotten
wood. Adults recorded from June to December.
Status There are now 30 known British sites, all but one of
them (Gorge of Avon, Lanarkshire, 1908) being post 1970.
It is widespread in Europe and its recent discovery here is
surprising, but it is proving widespread with several records
from NCC surveys and it is probably overlooked elsewhere
within this range. Not listed in Shirt (1987). Status revised
from RDB 1 (Falk 1991).
Threats Clearance of native woodland or drainage of
wetlands for intensive forestry or agriculture. Removal of
any old trees or dead wood which may support larval
development sites.
Management and conservation Maintain habitats in a
natural state, retaining any old trees and dead wood,
especially in damp shaded situations, ensuring the
continuity of these habitats in the future. Avoid drainage of
marshy areas and ensure that streams remain shaded and
undisturbed.
Published sources Chandler (1992c).
PHRONIA PERSIMILIS
A fungus gnat
Order DIPTERA
Phronia persimilis Hackman, 1970
DATA DEFICIENT
Family MYCETOPHILIDAE
Identification The male genitalia were figured by Hackman
(1970) and by Gagné (1975).
Distribution Three widely dispersed records: Buckingham
Thick Copse, Northamptonshire (9 June 1992, A. Warne);
Mains Wood, Herefordshire (23 August 1973, A.M.
Hutson); Craigellachie NNR, Elgin (20 June 1967, D.M.
Ackland).
Habitat Ancient broad-leaved woodland.
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