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NAVY ENGINEERING BULLETIN MARCH 2003 59 Approximate power limits for visible light 0.5 W 5mW 1mW 0.4 µW to 220 µW scheduled maintenance periods. HMAS Newcastle is the only ship currently fitted with the new Class 3A laser, but SOPs will not change until the new LSP is released early 2003. Ship/Establishment Laser Responsibilities Simplified Laser Classification System All ships that use laser systems require a qualified Laser Safety Officer (LASO) (Ref A). This is usually the DWEEO or WEEO. To become a qualified LASO, a member must undergo a weeklong laser safety course held at the Australian Defence Force Academy in Canberra. It teaches validation and calculation of laser hazards by providing mathematical tools for analysis of laser physical and safety parameters. Dr Geoff Cochrane and Dr John Baird teach the laser safety course, and are both members of the LSC. LASOs may find the DSTO produced laser hazard calculator useful. It can be downloaded from: http://webvic.dsto.defence.gov.au/DSTO/ser vices/corporate_facilities/laser_c alculator.exe To avoid confusion, only members who have successfully completed the ADFA laser safety course should use this calculator. Class 4 Class 3B Class 3A Class 2 Visible wavelengths only Class 1 Unsafe for eyes Unsafe for skin Unsafe for eyes Safe for skin Safe in the visible with aversion response No viewing aids Safe with aversion response No viewing aids No precautions required What is being done to Counter Foreign Laser Threats? Although we can protect ourselves from our own lasers, there is still the foreign laser threat to be considered. DSTO has for many years researched technologies for protecting against anti-sensor lasers, which can also prove hazardous to one of our most valued sensors, the Mk 1 eyeball. DSTO provides advice to the ADO on the specification and provision of laser protective filters, goggles and visors, for standard and nonstandard lasers. DSTO is also taking the first steps in countering the laser threat associated with subsequent incoming ordnance. In development is an in country Laser Warner Receiver (LWR) system. Although still being trialed, some LWRs can detect the wavelength, peak power, angle of arrival, pulse width, Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) and check for the coherence of an incoming laser threat and then attempt to classify it accordingly (ie rangefinder/designator etc). In the near future, the Command’s ability for Ship/Task Group self-defence, situational awareness and probability of mission success will all be affected by the use of LWRs. A trial is being planned in Australia in which The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) member countries will be trialing their own LWR and countermeasure systems. More Information: Navy is about to release an introductory video on laser safety awareness. This video will provide ships and establishments that use laser systems, with a good introduction to laser hazards. In early 2003, Ref C will be replaced with a new Australian standard on Laser Safety. Changes to the laser classifications will include the replacement of Class 3A with Class 3R (not an exact swap, there will be some differences), and the addition of Class 1M and Class 2M. These two new classes deal with special cases of Class 1 and Class 2 lasers that can be hazardous if viewed with magnifying optics. RAN Contacts: For advice/assistance with laser safety in the RAN, the NAOS section is located in Campbell Park building 4 level 4 in Canberra. The DDNAOS is Mr Aiyel Chelliah, E-mail: aiyel.chelliah@defence.gov.au, Ph (02) 6266 3204. The RAN SLA is LEUT Chris Davidson, E-mail: christopher.davidson@defence.gov .au, Ph: (02) 6266 4886. References: A. ADFP 410 – Defence Laser Safety B. DI(N) LOG 72-6 – Royal Australian Navy Laser Safety C. AS/NZS 2211.1:1997 – Laser Safety D. Laser Safety Paper for Project 1698: Electro Optical Tracking System for FFGs Incorporating the Ranger 600 Laser Rangefinder THE AUTHOR, LEUT CHRIS DAVIDSON, AND DDNAOS, MR AIYEL CHELLIAH.
60 NAVY ENGINEERING BULLETIN MARCH 2003 Editor’s Note: This little article was picked up by the Chief Naval Engineer from the Career 1 website, and is included as an item of general interest. Engineers need to lighten up and round out Engineers must change the way they value their skills to boost their rating in the salary stakes, advises a recruitment expert. Mike Cowlishaw, of Cowlishaw Engineering & Manufacturing, says engineers earn significantly less than other professionals do and yet Australian engineers enjoy a worldwide reputation for their expertise and work ethic. He says senior engineering salaries have actually fallen by 20-30 per cent in the last year or so. "Salaries are not major drivers for engineers," Mr Cowlishaw explains. "Engineers seem more turned on by the role rather than the salary so they can only blame themselves for their poor rate of pay compared to what they actually contribute to an employer." He also warns those looking to add to their skill base to avoid expensive MBA programs. "A degree in marketing is worth heaps more (than an MBA) and doesn’t eat into your free time as much," Mr Cowlishaw says. "Some engineers should also work on their personality and realise that as they lose themselves in a technical world they are leaving themselves wide open to getting their salary screwed down." "In business, you are only worth something if you can show you can add value to most aspects of the organisation”. "Engineers need to demonstrate to employers that they are global thinkers not merely tech heads." Outside of work, Mr Cowlishaw recommends engineers spread their wings to try new things. He says, too many have personal interests that merely mirror their work interests - solo hobbies that revolve around building or making something. "For example, instead of getting into a series of DIY projects, engineers need to get a life and get out with others," he says. "Go abseiling, bush walking or canoeing - team based activities are a great way to develop people skills." "There is an unwritten law that the more narrow your pursuits in life the lower your salary and the more likely you are destined to be a doormat." He said in all roles people skills are a bonus. "Engineers have only themselves to blame if they aren’t taken seriously," he said. "They need to show their personality is actually quite well-rounded and that they can contribute across a wide variety of activities and add real value to an organisation." "Anyone can get a string of degrees but the more you concentrate on your qualifications the more likely you are to be buried in the nether world at the back of the building or some site shed without air-conditioning earning the same money as an unqualified office support worker." "In business, you are only worth something if you can show you can add value to most aspects of the organisation”. CareerOne, November 1, 2002. Tim Barter Department of Defence Campbell Park Offices CP4-7-152 Canberra ACT 2600 Email Tim.Barter@cbr.defence.gov.au Tel 02 62663010 Fax 02 6266 3776
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