Sanderling Plan - Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................................1
RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ...........................................................................................................................................5
PURPOSE ....................................................................................................................................................................9
STATUS AND NATURAL HISTORY ......................................................................................................................9
MORPHOLOGY .........................................................................................................................................................11
TAXONOMY .............................................................................................................................................................12
POPULATION ESTIMATE AND TREND .......................................................................................................................12
DISTRIBUTION .........................................................................................................................................................14
Breeding Range.................................................................................................................................................14
Nonbreeding Range ..........................................................................................................................................15
ABUNDANCE............................................................................................................................................................16
Breeding............................................................................................................................................................16
Migration ..........................................................................................................................................................16
Nonbreeding......................................................................................................................................................17
MIGRATION .............................................................................................................................................................18
Southbound .......................................................................................................................................................19
Northbound .......................................................................................................................................................20
MAJOR HABITATS....................................................................................................................................................21
Breeding............................................................................................................................................................21
Migration ..........................................................................................................................................................21
Nonbreeding......................................................................................................................................................22
CONSERVATION STATUS..........................................................................................................................................22
POPULATION GOAL(S) .............................................................................................................................................23
CONSERVATION SITES ........................................................................................................................................24
BREEDING SITES......................................................................................................................................................24
MIGRATION SITES....................................................................................................................................................25
NONBREEDING (WINTERING) SITES..........................................................................................................................31
CONSERVATION THREATS.................................................................................................................................37
HABITAT LOSS AND DEGRADATION.........................................................................................................................37
HUMAN DISTURBANCE ............................................................................................................................................40
CONTAMINANTS AND DISEASE ................................................................................................................................42
CLIMATE CHANGE ...................................................................................................................................................43
PREDATION..............................................................................................................................................................45
CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS..............................................................................................46
GENERAL OVERVIEW AND CHALLENGES.................................................................................................................46
CONSERVATION OF IMPORTANT HABITATS .............................................................................................................47
IMPLEMENTATION OF BENEFICIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ................................................................................48
SHIFTING CONSERVATION APPROACHES: A ‘COMMON GROUND’ PARADIGM ............................................................49
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT.................................................................................................................51
MEASURES TO REDUCE AND MANAGE HUMAN IMPACT ............................................................................................54
SET MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND PRIORITIES....................................................................................................54
HABITAT RESTORATION AND CREATION ..................................................................................................................57
RESEARCH AND MONITORING NEEDS...........................................................................................................58
HABITAT REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................................................59
FOOD .......................................................................................................................................................................59
DANGERS (POTENTIAL AND KNOWN): ......................................................................................................................60
POPULATIONS ..........................................................................................................................................................61
WINTERING GROUNDS .............................................................................................................................................62
WHSRN – Sanderling Conservation Plan, February 2010, v1.1
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