Sanderling Plan - Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network

More documents

Recommendations

Info

• Obtain commitments/agreements from key decision-makers at important sites to change practices (e.g,. human disturbance management, pollution control) to benefit shorebirds. By 2013 • Put strategies in place for purchasing or otherwise permanently protecting specific North or South American sites identified as being important (but currently unprotected). EVALUATION Although much remains unknown about Sanderling ecology and population dynamics, we must act to protect this species before all questions are answered; otherwise, conservation may become unattainable. However, actions taken with insufficient knowledge may result in an inefficient investment of resources for the amount of conservation gained. Therefore, it is essential that conservation and management actions have well-defined, measureable objectives and are implemented in a hypothesis-driven, adaptive framework to allow for iterative evaluation and adjustment (Schulte and Brown 2006). As specific research questions are addressed, their results will help steer resource and land managers towards the most effective strategies for conservation. Across the Sanderling’s range, the organizations and agencies responsible for managing Sanderling habitat should set objectives to increase or maintain the number of Sanderlings using their managed lands. Specific goals will vary by location. Hypotheses should be generated to test specific management actions (such as habitat restoration, beach closures, etc.), and management actions should be implemented in a way that enables testing of additional hypotheses. Such an approach is an iterative process, in which management and conservation actions are continually re-evaluated and adapted, so that explicit objectives may be met most efficiently (Schulte and Brown 2006). This process should be applied to quantify the effects of beach closures, habitat restoration, habitat alteration, and other actions. Although in many cases this approach remains an ideal rather than standard practice, it is nevertheless a crucial investment tool for understanding how to manage efficiently and effectively. Meanwhile, the continued commitment to multiple case studies can provide some insights into the apparent responses of wildlife to certain management actions. WHSRN – Sanderling Conservation Plan, February 2010, v1.1 68
Evaluation of individual conservation projects is similarly important, with respect to their more limited and short-term goals. For example, when a project aims to reduce human disturbance (e.g., by controlling human access to a site), habitat use by Sanderlings must be monitored both before and after treatments are applied. Similarly, if habitat restoration/creation is the goal, the numbers of Sanderlings present as well as some metric related to their fitness, must both be monitored, and compared to reference habitats. Individual projects should also be evaluated in the larger context of adaptive management, as described above. LITERATURE CITED Acosta-Cruz, M. and L. Mugica-Valdes 2006. Final Report: Waterbirds in Cuba. Waterbirds International. Adams, S.G., F.M. Conly, C.L. Gratto-Trevor, K.J. Cash, and T. Bollinger. 2003. Shorebird Use and Mortality at a Large Canadian Prairie Lake Impacted by Botulism. Waterbirds 26(1):13– 25. Alexander, S.A. and C.L. Gratto-Trevor. 1997. Shorebird migration and staging at a large prairie lake and wetland complex: the Quill Lakes, Saskatchewan. Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional Paper No. 97. Ottawa, Ontario. Andersson, M., J. Wallander and D. Isaksson. 2009. Predator perches: a visual search perspective. Functional Ecology: 23(2): 373–379. Andres, B.A. and R.E. Gill, Jr. (eds) and Alaska Shorebird Working Group. 2000. A Conservation Plan for Alaska Shorebirds. 47 pp. Available on the Internet: http://www.fws.gov/shorebirdplan/ Andrews, R. and R. Righter.1992. Colorado birds: a reference to their distribution and habitat. Denver Mus. Nat. Hist., Denver, CO. Angehr, G. 2005. Waterbirds In Panama. Final Report: Waterbird Conservation for the Americas. On the Internet: http://www.birdlife.org/action/science/species/waterbirds/waterbirds_pdf/waterbirds_report_ panama_2006.pdf Armstrong, R.H. 1995. Guide to the birds of Alaska. 4th ed. Alaska Northwest Books, Seattle, WA. Audubon Watch List. 2007. (On the Internet: http://web1.audubon.org/science/species/watchlist/) WHSRN – Sanderling Conservation Plan, February 2010, v1.1 69
Page 1 and 2:
CONSERVATION PLAN FOR THE SANDERLIN
Page 3 and 4:
TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 5 and 6:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Sanderling (C
Page 7 and 8:
for Sanderlings will benefit other
Page 9 and 10:
RESUMEN EJECUTIVO El Calidris alba
Page 11 and 12:
Los C. alba comparten hábitat con
Page 13 and 14:
PURPOSE This document focuses on th
Page 15 and 16:
Individuals differ in extent of sit
Page 17 and 18:
North America, where data are suffi
Page 19 and 20:
Nunavut (near Nanisivik, Strathcona
Page 21 and 22: Canada during fall, Sanderling are
Page 23 and 24: Southbound During the fall passage
Page 25 and 26: the Central flyway, moving up the T
Page 27 and 28: of the Sanderling as a Species of H
Page 29 and 30: also breed on Bathurst Island, Nuna
Page 31 and 32: *New Jersey and Delaware - Delaware
Page 33 and 34: British Columbia, Canada: Sanderlin
Page 35 and 36: NONBREEDING (WINTERING) SITES Altho
Page 37 and 38: Rio de Janeiro Coastal Lagoons: Thi
Page 39 and 40: ~100 in February 1991 (Page et al.
Page 41 and 42: CONSERVATION THREATS Sanderlings fa
Page 43 and 44: for commercial construction project
Page 45 and 46: humans recreate on beaches, people
Page 47 and 48: Tabilo et al. 1996, MacWhirter et a
Page 49 and 50: the total area available for breedi
Page 51 and 52: However, Sanderlings are an excelle
Page 53 and 54: incurring a massive oil spill (J. B
Page 55 and 56: of surrounding rural communities; a
Page 57 and 58: Educational messages Educational co
Page 59 and 60: Sanderling populations on managed l
Page 61 and 62: Upper Mississippi/Great Lakes Regio
Page 63 and 64: o identifying food/roost resources
Page 65 and 66: Predation o Feeding and danger ecol
Page 67 and 68: Climate change impacts: Climate cha
Page 69 and 70: However, the use of energetics in s
Page 71: • Explore feasibility of, and the
Page 75 and 76: Buchanan, J.B. 1988. The abundance
Page 77 and 78: Cramp, S., and K.E.L. Simmons. 1983
Page 79 and 80: Granfors, D.A. and N.D. Niemuth. 20
Page 81 and 82: the Birds of North America Online:
Page 83 and 84: Myers, J.P., C.T. Schick, and G. Ca
Page 85 and 86: Ross, K., K. Abraham, R. Clay, B. C
Page 87 and 88: Wershler, C. 1989. 1988 census and
Page 89 and 90: APPENDIX II. Relative Importance of
Page 91 and 92: , m, w = uncommon to fairly common,
Page 93 and 94: Table 2. U.S. Sites that host >1,00
Page 95 and 96: Table 4. U.S. sites with 1-4 years
Page 97 and 98: Table 6. U.S. sites reporting moder
Page 99 and 100: Site Name Country State/ Province S
Page 101 and 102: Site Name Shepody Bay West: Bay of
show all

Sanderling Plan - Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?