Disaster Risk Management for Coastal Tourism - Caribbean Hotel ...

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Disaster Risk Management For Coastal Tourism Destinations Responding To Climate Change A Practical Guide For Decision Makers of these hydro-meteorological events due to climate change, pose increased risk to coastal tourism destinations. Risk assessment also involves an evaluation of the vulnerability of people, buildings and infrastructure and answers the question, “What would happen if a natural disaster occurred at the coastal tourism destination?” A starting point for the Coordinating Group should therefore be an assessment of the current understanding of the community’s risk and capability to respond to future disaster events (see Box 4.3). Box 4.3: Initial Considerations for the Coordinating Group If there is an existing emergency plan, does it consider a full range of natural hazards confronting the community? When the plan was last updated? What kind of information on hazards, exposure and vulnerability is environmental features, and hazard prone areas? Have historical data on past disasters or emergencies been collected and evaluated? Is there a scenario analysis for the different hazard and vulnerability factors? Has a risk assessment ever been conducted for the tourism destination hazards? Has an evaluation on community awareness and preparedness for risks and emergencies been conducted in recent times? regarding vulnerability? from climate change in the region is vital to contingency planning. Identifying the additional or elevated risk is an essential early step and the assessment should include examination of risks to tourism resources (e.g. biodiversity, water supply), plant and infrastructure (e.g. coastal resorts), business risks (e.g. supply disruptions, changes in insurance coverage), or market risks (e.g. changes in competitiveness through increased transportation costs). Both UNEP (2005) and AIACC (2008) specify that current (e.g. extreme climatic events) and future climate-induced risks (e.g. slow onset sea level rise) must form part of the early assessment. 50 | Managing Disaster Risks At Coastal Tourism Destinations
Disaster Risk Management For Coastal Tourism Destinations Responding To Climate Change A Practical Guide For Decision Makers Synthesizing information from existing national or regional climate change assessments may prove valuable at this stage, in order to understand projected climate changes and the implications for natural and human systems that are key to tourism. Analyzing the impacts of natural hazards and identifying the most vulnerable destination and community locations and assets are essential for establishing the local context. This will allow the Coordinating Group to better focus their activities when overseeing the development of the disaster preparedness plan. 4 the risk assessment method in Appendix A.1): 2) Determining the destination’s level of exposure 3) Assessing vulnerability 4) Evaluating risk reduction options. TIP: Coastal hazards often present multiple risks. For example, cyclonic events such as hurricanes or typhoons may simultaneously create wind erosion losses. Logically the presence of multiple risks complicates the during the same event, in other situations they may exacerbate or even nullify each other. There is no single “best” approach to assessing multiple risks but in general, it’s important to understand potential losses from each hazard, then try to determine the interaction among them. 4.3.1 The Coordinating Group or its designated risk assessment committee should identify all categories of natural events that might affect the coastal community (see Table 3.1) and then prioritize the list according to the most serious hazards impacting the community. It is important to take a systematic approach because a hazard impacts upon the coastal community. Cautionary Note: The Coordinating Group should resist the temptation to focus solely on the prevalent natural hazards typically experienced in coastal areas – most likely from tropical cyclones. The Group is encouraged to take an “all hazards” approach by also evaluating the human-induced incidents that may also be key sources of risk. 51
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The sustainability of coastal touri
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