Gender in niGeria report 2012 - Economic Commission for Africa

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74 Gender in Nigeria Report 2012: Improving the Lives of Girls and Women in Nigeria Urban-Urdinola, and Wodon. (2010). In Arbache et al. (2010) Gender Disparities in Africa’s Labour Market. The World Bank, Washington. USAID. (2009) Country Health Statistical Report, Nigeria. December 2009. Uzochukwu, B.S.C., and Onwujekwe O.E. (2004) Socio-economic Differences and Health Seeking Behaviour for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria: A Case Study of Four Local Government Areas Operating the Bamako Initiative Programme in Southeast Nigeria. International Journal for Equity in Health. Vol. 3 No. 6. At: http://www.equityhealthj.com/ content/3/1/6. Uzochukwu B.S.C., Onwujekwe O.E., Uguru N.P., Ughasoro M.D., and Ezeoke O.P. (2010) Willingness to Pay for Rapid Diagnostic and Treatment of Malaria in Southeast Nigeria: Ex post and Ex ante. International Journal for Equity in Health, Vol. 9, No. 1. At: http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/9/1/1. Varshney, A. (2001) Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India. Yale University Press, New Haven, 2 nd edition. Women’s Rights Advancement and Protection Alternative (WRAPA). (2004) Nigeria 2003 Elections: The Experiences of Women Aspirants in Political Party Primaries. WRAPA, Abuja. World Bank. (2011) Operationalizing the 2011 World Development Report: Conflict, Security and Development. The World Bank, Washington. World Bank. (2009) An Assessment of the Investment Climate in Nigeria. The World Bank, Washington. World Bank. (2008) Nigeria – A Review of the Costs and Financing of Public Education. Vol. II., Main Report. The World Bank, Washington. World Bank. (2004) School Education in Nigeria: Preparing for Universal Basic Education. Africa Region Human Development Series. No 53. The World Bank, Washington. World Health Organization (WHO). (2007) Bulletin, vol 85, no 10, October 2007.
Gender in Nigeria Report 2012: Improving the Lives of Girls and Women in Nigeria 75 APPENDIX 1 Terms of reference of the literature research This analysis of literature and review of evidence is being undertaken as part of a wider rapid assessment of gender equality and empowerment of adolescent girls and women in Nigeria. The aim is to establish the state of knowledge in this area, and locate the evidence base (data) to support key and emerging points of consensus on the problems and experiences of intervention on this issue in Nigeria. A major objective of this paper is also to identify areas where timely intervention can make a difference. The specific terms of reference asked the researchers to: • Identify key trends in inequality i.e. changes in the Gini coefficient to assess: whether economic inequality is increasing • Clearly synthesise best available quantitative evidence on the status of girls and women in Nigeria • Highlight the MDGs where progress is particularly slow such as maternal mortality. • Set out the proportions of girls and women in different economic quintiles and regions who are able to deliver in a health facility. • Identify any evidence of the determinants of age of first pregnancy. • Identify the key determinants of age of marriage. • Highlight and compare areas where girls and women are falling behind their male counterparts such as school enrolment and drop out rates for boys and girls or access to employment, banking opportunities and decision-making bodies for men and women. • Demonstrate the relationship between maternal education and child survival in Nigeria (independent of maternal economic status). • Identify gaps in information, such as the private education sector. • Identify main geographic, social and economic disparities amongst girls and women. • Identify other key differences such as those between married and unmarried girls of the same age. The literature review was also asked to cover relevant academic, ethnographic literature and qualitative studies, such as those produced by the Population Council, that explain and describe the current situation of women and girls. The researchers were asked to: • Seek out ethnographic evidence of the underlying reasons and causes of disadvantage or exclusion faced by specific groups of girls and women. • Review studies that identify traditional or emerging institutions or spaces that provide women with opportunities for empowerment. • Review studies and evaluations that provide evidence of interventions that have produced positive replicable results. • Review any studies on the obstacles girls and women face in accessing resources and services in Nigeria.
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Contents FOREWORD..................
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List of tables Table 1. Indicative
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