CPG for Psychosocial Interventions in Severe Mental ... - GuíaSalud

Summary of evidence
Pyschoeducation, compared with non-intervention or non-specific intervention, does not
produce a significant decrease in relapses or readmissions, an improvement of symptoms
1++
or of social functioning, or improves treatment adherence, in people with schizophrenia
107 .
1++ Pyschoeducation improves the knowledge of the disease in people with schizophrenia 107 .
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In people with schizophrenia, and when the family is incorporated into the pyschoeducational
intervention, the relapses or readmissions are reduced 107 .
The effects of parallel group pyschoeducation with users and family members reduces the
number of readmissions, which are effective up to 7 years after the intervention 108 .
Complex pyschoeducation programmes (which include pyschoeducation on bipolar disorder,
training in communication improvement and in problem-solving) reduce the number
of relapses in 2 years in people with bipolar disorders. However, there is no evidence
to indicate that it reduces the number of readmissions 109,110 .
Pyschoeducational intervention that incorporated prodrome recognition training in people
with bipolar disorders, reduces relapses in maniac phase, but not in depressive phase 111 .
The pyschoeducational programme that incorporated prodrome recognition reduces the
number of hospitalisations in people with bipolar disorders 111 .
Recommendations
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B
Quality information must be provided about the diagnosis and the treatment, giving support
and handling strategies to people with SMI and diagnosis of schizophrenia and related
disorders, to family members and to the people with whom they live.
Pyschoeducational programmes that are offered to people with SMI and diagnosis of
schizophrenia and related disorders, must incorporate the family.
Group pyschoeducational programmes aimed at people with SMI and a diagnosis of bipolar
disorder must incorporate specific psychological techniques, carrying them out in a
relatively stable period of their disorder and always as a supplement to the psychopharmacological
treatment.
The pyschoeducational programmes for people with SMI must be integrated as an additional
intervention in an individualised treatment plan, whose duration will be proportional
to the objectives proposed, considering a minimum of 9 months’ intensive programme
and the need for undefined refresher sessions.
5.1.7. Cognitive rehabilitation
A high percentage of people with schizophrenia show low efficiency in different aspects of cognitive
processing, such as processing speed, attention maintenance, work memory, verbal learning,
cognitive functioning or social cognition. These cognitive alternatives also limit learning in other
psychosocial interventions and rehabilitation programmes, as well as in social and labour functioning.
CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR PSICHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS IN SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS 69