Fellows <strong>of</strong> the Royal Society who are or were Freemasons, listed alphabetically O Ogle, James Adey FRS [2 Feb 1826] (1792–1857), Physician. Son <strong>of</strong> Richard Ogle, a London general practitioner; educ at Eton and Trinity Coll, Oxford where he obtained a 1 st Cl degree in mathematics and physics. Studied medicine at William Hunter’s School in London and then at Middlesex Hospital and St Bartholomew’s. Obtained a Univ. licence at Oxford to practise medicine and became physician to the Radcliffe Infirmary, 1824, and the Warneford Lunatic Asylum. Appointed Aldrich Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> Medicine, 1824, and later, 1851, Regius Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> Medicine. Initiated 18 Oct 1820 in Apollo Univ. L. No. 711 (now No. 357), Oxford. Oglethorpe, Maj-Gen James Edward, MP, FRS [9 Nov 1749] (22 Dec 1696–1 Jul 1785), English army <strong>of</strong>ficer and politician, born in Godalming, Surrey, the youngest <strong>of</strong> 10 children <strong>of</strong> Theophilus and Eleanor Oglethorpe. Educ at Corpus Christi Coll, Oxford, 1714, but the excitement <strong>of</strong> Europe’s defence against the advancing Turks led him to drop out <strong>of</strong> Coll to enroll in a military academy in France. He subsequently travelled to Austria, where he became an aide to Prince Eugene <strong>of</strong> Savoy. After a victorious campaign against the Turks, he returned to England, where he re-entered Corpus Christi, but left without taking a degree, though in 1731 he was awarded a special MA. MP, Godalming, 1722–54, and in 1729 began his work to improve the lot <strong>of</strong> debtors in London prisons and his efforts to expose and correct prison abuses gained him Natl attention, and he became widely regarded as one <strong>of</strong> Britain’s most active humanitarians. Prison reform did not, however, solve the larger plight <strong>of</strong> the large no. <strong>of</strong> poor people in England. In 1732 he obtained a Royal Charter from George II for the colony <strong>of</strong> Georgia that he settled the year after, founding the city <strong>of</strong> Savannah and becoming the first Govr, arranging for debtors from English jails and persecuted Austrian Protestants to find refuge. During a visit in 1737 he convinced King George II to appoint him as a colonel in the army and give him a regiment <strong>of</strong> Br soldiers to take back to Georgia. Interestingly, he was a civilian at this time, with only limited military experience (primarily as an aide to Prince Eugene). Nevertheless, he got what he wanted: rank in the regular army and a regiment and also was given the title <strong>of</strong> ‘Gen and C-in-C <strong>of</strong> all and singular his Majesty’s Provinces <strong>of</strong> Carolina and Georgia’. War with Spain was declared in 1739 and Oglethorpe invaded Florida the following year and repulsed the Spanish invasion <strong>of</strong> Georgia in 1742. In 1743, he left the colony to repel malicious charges, was in 1744 tried by a special Bd <strong>of</strong> Gen <strong>of</strong>ficers which discharged all allegations that had been made against him. That same year Parliament voted to reimburse him, so both his honour and fortune had been preserved. Following the Jacobite rebellion in 1745 he was tried by a Ct martial for failing, as a Maj-Gen, to overtake Prince Charles Stewart’s fleeing Army, and once again, he was totally exonerated. In London the popular hero met Elizabeth Wright (†1787), a recent heiress; they married, Sep 1744, and settled at Cranham Hall, her inherited estate in the small Essex town <strong>of</strong> Cranham, 17 miles east <strong>of</strong> London, but had no children. Died at Cranham Hall, just 6 months short <strong>of</strong> his 89 th birthday and he was bur in a vault beneath the chancel floor <strong>of</strong> the Parish Church <strong>of</strong> All Saints, which stands immediately adjacent to Cranham Hall. First WM, 1735, King Solomon’s L. No. 1, Savannah, Georgia. 383 Onslow, The Hon Edward, 384 FRS [27 Jan 1780] (9 Apr 1758–18 Oct 1829), was 2 nd son <strong>of</strong> George Onslow, 4 th Baron Onslow and 1 st Earl <strong>of</strong> Onslow, PC (1731–1814). Married, 7 Mar 1783, Marie Rosalie de Bourdeille (†1842), dau <strong>of</strong> Chevalier Jean de Bourdeille, Seigneur de Constance, and they had 4 sons, 2 <strong>of</strong> whom each became a Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur, and a dau, who died in infancy. Initiated, 22 Nov 1815, then <strong>of</strong> Bolton Street, L. <strong>of</strong> Antiquity No. 2, London, resigning 1827. Joined, 1815, Kentish L. <strong>of</strong> Antiquity No. 20, renamed, 1819, Royal Kent L. <strong>of</strong> Antiquity No. 20, Chatham, resigning 1827. (Francis Joseph) Oscar, Crown Prince, RFRS [21 Dec 1826], later [8 Mar 1844] Oscar I, King <strong>of</strong> Sweden and Norway 1844–59 (4 Jul 1799–8 Jul 1859), only son <strong>of</strong> Charles XIV, King <strong>of</strong> Sweden and Norway, 1818–44 (1764– 1844). He was an ardent social reformer and got seriously involved in the complete reorganization <strong>of</strong> the Swedish prison system. Married, 19 Jun 1823, Josephine (1807–1876), dau <strong>of</strong> Duke Eugen <strong>of</strong> Leuchtenberg, and they had 4 sons, including Charles XV (1826–1872), King <strong>of</strong> Sweden and Norway 1859–72 and GM, GL, Sweden; and Oscar II, KG (1829– 1907), King <strong>of</strong> Sweden and Norway 1872–1905, and <strong>of</strong> Sweden 1905–07, and GM, GL, Sweden, 1872–1907; PGM, UGLE, 7 Jun 1888; and 1 dau, who died unmarried. DepGM, GL, Sweden, 1818–1844; GM, GL, Sweden, 1844–59. 383 Warranted 1735 as No. 139, at Savannah, Georgia, USA, changing its no. 6 times, named Solomon’s L. No. 1, 1776, stated to have been opened at Augusta, Georgis, 1781, moving to a tavern kept by Mr Child, Whittaker Street, Savannah, Georgia, 1799, then the same year to MH, Whittaker Street, Savannah. The L. made no payments after 1781, but was kept on the Roll until 1813 and became No. 1 in the Register <strong>of</strong> the GL <strong>of</strong> Georgia, founded in 1786 [Lane, 70]. 384 Given the additional name <strong>of</strong> Mainwaring in Firebrace, 291, but not recorded in BP, 1999, 2163, or in the RS’s <strong>List</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fellows on its website. 86
Fellows <strong>of</strong> the Royal Society who are or were Freemasons, listed alphabetically Ouseley, Sir Gore, 1 st Bt, PC, FRS [18 Dec 1817], FSA, later [1831] GCH (1770–1844), a famous Oriental scholar, was created a Bt 3 Oct 1808. In 1810 Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Ct <strong>of</strong> Persia, and afterwards at St Petersburg. Received 1812 the Grand Cordon <strong>of</strong> the Persian Order <strong>of</strong> the Lion and Sun, and 1814 the Grand Cross <strong>of</strong> the Imperial Russian Order <strong>of</strong> St Alexander Newski. Nominated, 1831, GCH, Civil Divn. When he died in 1844 at his seat, Hall Barn, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, the Btcy passed to his only son, The Revd Frederick Arthur Gore Ouseley, MA (Oxon), MusDoc (Oxon) (1825–18), who was a Freemason 385 and became a Residentiary Canon and Precentor <strong>of</strong> Hereford Cathedral. ProvGM, Persia, 15 Jan 1810. 386 385 GChap 1864. Undergraduate, Christ Church, Oxford, matric 1843, aged 17, (BA 1846, MA 1849; BMus 1850; DMus 1854), initiated, 7 Apr 1845, Alfred No. 425 (now No. 340), Oxford. Joined, 1855, Churchill L. No. 702 (now No. 478), Oxford, WM 1859; Founder WM, 21 Apr 1866, L. <strong>of</strong> St Michael No. 1097, Tenbury, Worcestershire. Ordained Priest 1855; 1855–89, Precentor, Hereford Cathedral and Heather Pr<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Music, Oxford; 1856, founded: St Michael’s Coll; Musical Association, 1874; regarded as one <strong>of</strong> most foremost figures in revival <strong>of</strong> English church music in 19 th century. 386 This appointment may well have been made following Initiation, 1810, in London <strong>of</strong> Persian Minister to England, Mirza Abul Hassan Khan, by 2 nd Earl <strong>of</strong> Moira [Harry Carr, ‘The Foundation <strong>of</strong> the Grand L. <strong>of</strong> Iran’ (AQC 81, 266), quoting Gould, Concise History, 397]. This did not imply that there was any ProvGL over which he was to preside; like many <strong>of</strong> his contemporaries, he enjoyed a masonic rank and title without any corresponding duties attached. 87
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