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Face Detection and Modeling for Rec
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perimental results demonstrate succ
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To my parents; my lovely wife, Pei-
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for providing the range datasets; t
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4 Face Modeling 97 4.1 Modeling Met
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List of Figures 1.1 Applications us
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2.6 A breakdown of face recognition
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4.2 3D triangular-mesh model and it
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5.14 Fine alignment using geodesic
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Chapter 1 Introduction In recent ye
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(a) (b) Figure 1.1. Applications us
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(e) Figure 1.1. (Cont’d). (f) (a)
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esolutions and of poor quality (i.e
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can recognize known faces in carica
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the motivation for studies that att
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(a) Figure 1.10. Similarity of fron
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verify the face present in an image
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17 Figure 1.12. System diagram of o
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algorithm can also provide geometri
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commercial parametric face modeling
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1.5.1 Face Alignment Using 2.5D Sna
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1.5.3 Face Alignment Using Interact
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Using merely low-level features (e.
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such as eyes, mouth and face bounda
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can be applied to a 3D face model w
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Chapter 2 Literature Review We firs
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mation theory, geometrical modeling
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(e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) Fig
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esult in different recognition appr
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 2.2. Examples of
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 2.4. Interna
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Figure 2.6. A breakdown of face rec
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2.3 Face Modeling Face modeling pla
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An advanced modeling approach which
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tionals to minimize, implementation
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are listed in Table 2.2. All of the
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low-level features can provide mean
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holistic 2D and geometrical 3D feat
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size) to generate potential face ca
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oundary. A face score is computed f
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normalized red-green (r-g) space [1
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(a) (b) Figure 3.3. The Y C b C r c
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(a) Figure 3.5. 2D projections of t
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3.3 Localization of Facial Features
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 3.9. Constructio
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The eye map from the chroma is enha
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mouth is performed within the face
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Figure 3.12. Computation of face bo
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center, and lengths of major and mi
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segment. The other term favors an u
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Figure 3.15. Fa
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Figure 3.18. Fa
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The number of false positives is al
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 3.20. Face d
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Figure 3.22. Face detection results
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Figure 3.22. (Cont’d). 93
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3.5 Summary We have presented a fac
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Chapter 4 Face Modeling We first in
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and nose in frontal views), and bec
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4.3 Facial Measurements Facial meas
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4.4 Model Construction Our face mod
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a feature-dependent decay factor. F
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is to find appropriate external ene
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(a) (b) (d) (e) (f) Figure 4.11. Te
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Chapter 5 Semantic Face Recognition
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 5.1. Semantic fa
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of Fourier series truncation. In ad
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ponent color. The semantic facial s
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.5. Boundar
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.7. Coarse
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Page 147 and 148: [ ( ∂Φ ∂t =∇Φ µ 1 div(g
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Page 151 and 152: y the reliability of component matc
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Page 155 and 156: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.18. Exampl
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Page 161 and 162: 5.6 Summary For overcoming variatio
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Page 165 and 166: 6.2 Future Directions Based on the
Page 167 and 168: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 6.2. An exam
Page 169 and 170: • Non-frontal training views: Acc
Page 171 and 172: Appendices
Page 173 and 174: ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ Y
Page 175 and 176: and are shown as blue-dashed lines
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Page 179 and 180: Appendix C Image Processing Templat
Page 181 and 182: considering pixel classes as voxel
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Page 185 and 186: Bibliography [1] Visionics Corporat
Page 187 and 188: [32] L. Wiskott, J.M. Fellous, N. K
Page 189 and 190: [59] M. Grudin, “On internal repr
Page 191: [84] M. Abdel-Mottaleb and A. Elgam
Page 195 and 196: [141] M.D. Adams and F. Kossentini,
Page 197 and 198: [169] P.T. Jackway and M. Deriche,
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