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Face Detection and Modeling for Recognition - Biometrics Research ...

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low-level features can provide meaningful high-level semantics <strong>for</strong> human consumers.<br />

There has been some work done on automatically classifying images into semantic<br />

categories [154], such as indoors/outdoors <strong>and</strong> city/l<strong>and</strong>scape images.<br />

As <strong>for</strong> the<br />

semantic concept of faces, the generic facial topology (e.g., our proposed generic semantic<br />

face graph) is a useful structure <strong>for</strong> representing the face in a search engine.<br />

We have designed a graphical user interface <strong>for</strong> face editing using our face detection<br />

algorithm. Combined with our semantic face matching algorithm, we can build a face<br />

retrieval system.<br />

2.5 Summary<br />

We have briefly described the development of face detection, face recognition, face<br />

modeling <strong>and</strong> model compression in this chapter.<br />

We have summarized the per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />

of currently available face detection systems in Table 2.3. Note that the<br />

per<strong>for</strong>mance of a detection system depends on several factors such as face databases<br />

on which the system is evaluated, system architecture, distance metric, <strong>and</strong> algorithmic<br />

parameters. The per<strong>for</strong>mance is evaluated based on the detection rate, the false<br />

positive rate (false acceptance rate), <strong>and</strong> databases. In Table 2.3, we do not include<br />

the false acceptance rate because the false positive rate has not been completely reported<br />

in literature. We refer the reader to the FERET evaluation [68], [28] <strong>for</strong> the<br />

per<strong>for</strong>mance of various face recognition systems.<br />

<strong>Face</strong> detection <strong>and</strong> face recognition are closely related to each other in the sense<br />

of categorizing faces. Over the past ten years, based on the statistical pattern theory,<br />

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