A License Plate Recognition and Speed Detection System - Index of

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The hand-held radar gun was invented by Bryce K. Brown of Decatur Electronics in March 1954, and was first used in Chicago, Illinois by Patrolman Leonard Baldy in April 1954. It is interesting to note, the State of Connecticut has a statute that states “On and after July 1, 1992, no hand-held radar device that emits nonionizing radiation may be used in this state by any state or municipal police officer in the course of his employment for the purpose of preventing or detecting any violation of any law relating to motor vehicles (C.G.S., Title 7, Chapter 104, § 7- 294z). Early radar guns used frequencies in the 2 to 4 GHz S-band range (Ref. 10). Microwave ovens and some low powered communications devices also operate at these frequencies. For this reason and the fact that the gun had a maximum range of only 500 feet, the guns are now obsolete. A vehicle moving at 55 mph would traverse this range in 6.2 seconds; not much time for the old vacuum tube technology to respond to a stimulus. X-band (10.525 GHz) radars were developed and deployed in the mid 1960’s. They had better performance characteristics in bad weather when compared to K and Ka band radars; but they also had wider beamwidths. K-band (24.15 GHz) was introduced in the mid to late 70’s and had been used by the military during WWII. These devices were very susceptible to weather conditions, as a result of water vapor absorption at 22.24 GHz. In 1992, the Federal Communications Commission expanded the previously allocated Ka-band (33.4 to 36 GHz) for use with traffic control radars. These units have a narrow beamwidth, but they are also affected by weather conditions which shortens their operating range. Manufacturers of Ka –band radar have engineered their systems to provide channels either 72
100 MHz wide or 200 MHz wide. Since the allocated operating frequency spans a 2600 MHz range, a radar gun with a 100MHz channel width will have 26 different channels for its operation resulting in less interference with the system. The last of the “radar” type systems is the LIDAR or LADAR. The acronym stands for LIght Detection And Ranging or Laser Detection And Ranging, and they were developed in the 1990’s. They use Class 1 (eye-safe) � pulsed Infra-red (IR) laser diodes at frequencies at the upper end of the IR spectrum and produce very narrow beams. This is an important attribute when trying to measure vehicle speeds in congested areas. These units are harder to operate compared to X and K band radar units. They need to be pointed directly at the moving vehicle using a crosshair sight. Thus, the operating officer needs to be stationary when using a LIDAR, whereas X and K band radars can be used in a moving police vehicle. In either case, the officer operating the radar unit must be trained and certified in their operation. Photo radars (figure 53) and Red Light Cameras (figure 54) are two types of automated traffic enforcement devices that are used in various parts of the United States. Fig. 53 Photo Radar Fig. 54 Red Light Camera � The FDA’ Center for Devices and Radiological Health regulates the manufacture and sale of laser devices in the United States. Class1 lasers are defined by the American National Standards Institute. 73
Page 1 and 2:
A License Plate Recognition and Spe
Page 3 and 4:
I. Abstract Since the 1980’s law
Page 5 and 6:
II. Introduction The purpose of thi
Page 7 and 8:
III. License Plate Recognition Conc
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III.A. LPR Light Source There are s
Page 11 and 12:
eflective paint effect greatly incr
Page 13 and 14:
Uniform and Constant To be as unifo
Page 15 and 16:
“Horizontal angle must not exceed
Page 17 and 18:
The video camera has another compon
Page 19 and 20:
width is only 5/16” will be 3 pix
Page 21 and 22: signal, such as NTSC, a capture car
Page 23 and 24: choose a trigger that will require
Page 25 and 26: We briefly considered laser rangefi
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 17 Doppler Effect (Ref. 14) Th
Page 29 and 30: In this project, we will be using t
Page 31 and 32: V. Our System Design and Implementa
Page 33 and 34: LPR/SD System Process Flow Retrieve
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 25 Image of our LPR/SD system
Page 37 and 38: Our video camera served two functio
Page 39 and 40: V.B.2. Radar Gun The Ramsey Kit Ram
Page 41 and 42: Fig. 31 Assembled Oscillator The mi
Page 43 and 44: up to 100MHz. Once the signal has b
Page 45 and 46: I will discuss the pathway the inpu
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 35 Comparator Operation The si
Page 49 and 50: V.B.3. Serial Interface Circuit Boa
Page 51 and 52: we set pins 8 to 15 as input pins a
Page 53 and 54: Application Main Window Fig. 37 LPR
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 40 LPR.exe application windows
Page 57 and 58: Serial library was written by Ramon
Page 59 and 60: W1, B2, B3, B4, W5, B6, B7, B8, B9,
Page 61 and 62: characters were first extracted. Th
Page 63 and 64: Plate Number - 791GPB Test Results
Page 65 and 66: VI. Additional Applications The lic
Page 67 and 68: needed to communicate with the traf
Page 69 and 70: Local Network Fig. 50 LPR applicati
Page 71: VII. State of the Art Commercial Sy
Page 75 and 76: As with any new technology affectin
Page 77 and 78: law, a warrant-less crime must be c
Page 79 and 80: experience high traffic volumes or
Page 81 and 82: quite a fun experience to build the
Page 83 and 84: 15) Radar Setup: http://mpdc.dc.gov
Page 85 and 86: Appendix A: Our LPR/SD System Compo
Page 87 and 88: Appendix B: Commercial Components 8
Page 89 and 90: MDL LaserAce® IM OEM Laser Modules
Page 91 and 92: UF500 Infrared Illuminator 91
Page 93 and 94: HI-TECH Solutions SeeCar Software R
Page 96: Appendix C: Camera Setup Calculatio
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