Help-Seeking Pathways and Barriers for ... - EngenderHealth

In addition to this large sample of KIIs, a total of 96 individuals (48 men and 48 women)
participated in 12 PFGs (four groups per region). Recruitment of these participants was
conducted by the team of trained researchers from UDSM in close consultation with local
leaders once the selection of research sites was complete. Potential participants were
invited by the field research team to participate in a discussion about violence in their
communities. For both KIIs and PFGs, informed consent was obtained by the research team
prior to beginning each discussion, and the voluntary nature of participation was
emphasized throughout the interview/focus group. In accordance with the informed consent
process and approved research protocol, the KIIs and PFGs were audio recorded.
Recordings were transcribed into Kiswahili, and then all of the PFGs and a selection of KII
recordings were translated into English.
Notes were also taken by Research Assistants during the KIIs and PFGs using a
standardized data summary form to ensure consistency. The research team reviewed the
summary forms at the end of each day to assess the extent to which key themes had been
addressed. If thematic gaps were identified, these themes were prioritized for subsequent
interviews. Once all the data had been collected, the research team carried out analysis
workshops to identify patterns and points of disagreement related to the key findings. This
layered analysis allowed for iterative validation of the data within and across the sessions as
well as the three target regions, and provided the foundation for the recommendations
presented in Part IV of the report.
It is important to note that the selection of study sites was guided by PEFPAR prioritization
of Dar es Salaam, Mbeya, and Iringa. As such, the resulting sample was not intended to be
representative of all of Tanzania, but was a purposive sampling of the highest priority areas
for intervention for CHAMPION and other PEPFAR partners. Only one ward per each priority
district was included in this sample, and these were intentionally those wards with evidence
of higher reporting of GBV and/or a higher concentration of existing services for survivors of
GBV. 12 As a result of the study’s selection criteria, sampling strategy, and time/budgetary
limitations, the sample does not provide an exhaustive list of the services available for GBV
survivors in each of the study sites. This is particularly true with respect to healthcare
providers; the study captured only an illustrative cross-section of public and private
providers at each level (health center, hospital, etc.). In the rural areas the sample more
closely approximates the full range of providers available as there are fewer providers of
health or social services. Across sites, however, the sample does capture the range of
services available and the typical pathways for seeking help in each of the sites, as well as
the most common socio-cultural and structural barriers to help-seeking.
12 This determination was made in consultation with the District Community Development Officers and the
District Social Welfare Officers.
Help-Seeking Pathways and Barriers for Survivors of GBV in Tanzania March 2013
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