Challenges - Research and Innovative Technology Administration ...

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In figure 1.3 below, the State of California relies on super ultra low carbon vehicles and hydrogen to improve its air quality. Figure 1.3: Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gases Source: California Energy Commission, November 2008. A clearer view of hydrogen’s potential contribution is shown in figures 1.4 and 1.5. In figure 1.4, the National Research Council (NRC) chart shows the role hydrogen fuel cell vehicles potentially could play between 2025 and 2050 in reducing GHG emissions. In this optimistic scenario, NRC sees hydrogen fueled vehicles having greater VMT than hybrids after 2040 and being the predominant vehicle fuel by 2060. In figure 1.5, DOE shows the results of its best case scenario modeling for the adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. NRC and DOE estimate about 200 million to 220 million hydrogen vehicles in operation by 2050. Challenges of Building a Hydrogen Infrastructure 7
Figure 1.4: Hybrids’ and Hydrogen’s Share of Projected Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Source: National Academy of Sciences, 2008. The National Academies Summit on America’s Energy Future: Summary of a Meeting, p. 75. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC . Figure 1.5: DOE Scenarios Showing the Adoption of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Source: National Research Council. 2008. Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies—A Focus on Hydrogen, p. 8. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. During its Summit on America’s Energy Future in Fall 2008, NRC described the nation as being at a critical juncture for planning how we will meet the mobility needs of this and future generations. As one conference participant illustrated in figure 1.6, the country is at the beginning of a 30-year planning window (from 2010 through 2040) for putting in place the policies, technologies and infrastructures needed to meet the nation’s mobility needs through the 22nd century. 8 Challenges of Building a Hydrogen Infrastructure
Page 1 and 2: REPORT TO CONGRESS: CHALLENGES OF B
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements This report is a h
Page 5 and 6: ►► Commercial sector • Market
Page 8 and 9: Background Building the nation’s
Page 12: Figure 1.6: Timeframe to Achieve Lo
Page 15 and 16: Technology is just one of the chall
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.3: 2007 Zero Emission Vehi
Page 19 and 20: According to the NRC, hydrogen fuel
Page 21 and 22: Storage technologies under developm
Page 23 and 24: hydrogen refueling sites will be at
Page 25 and 26: Sa f e t y a n d Em e r g e n c y R
Page 27 and 28: tional standards and help resolve c
Page 29 and 30: to support 220 million vehicles. Th
Page 31 and 32: Land Use & Site Planning Public Per
Page 34 and 35: Federal Progress to Date Table 3.1
Page 36 and 37: FTA FTA is working with DOE on abou
Page 38 and 39: According to DOE, the cost of produ
Page 40: Fe d e r a l In t e r a g e n c y C
Page 43 and 44: ers and retailers, consumers, and g
Page 45 and 46: http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs
Page 47 and 48: ►► Sustained commitment Program
Page 49 and 50: Map 4: Geographic Distribution of N
Page 52 and 53: Appendix B—Comparison of Alternat
Page 54 and 55: Appendix C—International Hydrogen
Page 56: Denmark • As reported by the Hydr
Page 59 and 60: CA Los Angeles BP LAX Airport Hydro
Page 61 and 62:
MI Detroit NextEnergy Center Hydrog
Page 63 and 64:
List of Acronyms and Abreviations S
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