Challenges - Research and Innovative Technology Administration ...

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Table of Contents Executive Summary..........................................................................................................1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................3 Background.......................................................................................................................5 Role of Hydrogen............................................................................................................6 Challenges.......................................................................................................................11 Technology Challenges.................................................................................................12 Public and Private Sector Organizational Challenges...................................................19 Commercial Sector........................................................................................................20 Safety and Emergency Response Challenges..............................................................22 Sustained Commitment Challenges..............................................................................24 Federal Progress to Date...............................................................................................31 DOT Research and Achievements................................................................................31 DOE Research and Achievements................................................................................33 USDA Research and Achievements..............................................................................36 EPA Research & Achievements.....................................................................................36 Federal Interagency Coordination.................................................................................37 Constructing an Infrastructure Plan..............................................................................39 Recent Studies Related to a Hydrogen Infrastructure...................................................39 Where is a National Plan.............................................................................................41 The Future........................................................................................................................43 Appendix A – Infrastructure Maps.................................................................................45 Appendix B – Comparison of Alternative Fuels Technical Readiness......................49 Appendix C – International Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Infrastructure Development for Transportation Applications.....................................51 Appendix D – List of Nation’s Hydrogen Stations.......................................................55
Acknowledgements This report is a high level overview of the infrastructure challenges of a transition to a hydrogen fueled transportation system and the Federal efforts needed to mitigate and eliminate them. It is meant to provide a synopsis of the substantial work that has been done over the last several years by the Department of Transportation, Department of Energy, DOE’s National Laboratories, National Academy of Sciences’ National Research Council, the Department of Agriculture, the National Hydrogen Association, the California Fuel Cell Partnership and other key stakeholders. The Department of Transportation is pleased to be at the forefront of the effort and thanks its Federal and other colleagues for sharing their research to make this report possible.
Page 1: REPORT TO CONGRESS: CHALLENGES OF B
Page 5 and 6: ►► Commercial sector • Market
Page 8 and 9: Background Building the nation’s
Page 10 and 11: In figure 1.3 below, the State of C
Page 12: Figure 1.6: Timeframe to Achieve Lo
Page 15 and 16: Technology is just one of the chall
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.3: 2007 Zero Emission Vehi
Page 19 and 20: According to the NRC, hydrogen fuel
Page 21 and 22: Storage technologies under developm
Page 23 and 24: hydrogen refueling sites will be at
Page 25 and 26: Sa f e t y a n d Em e r g e n c y R
Page 27 and 28: tional standards and help resolve c
Page 29 and 30: to support 220 million vehicles. Th
Page 31 and 32: Land Use & Site Planning Public Per
Page 34 and 35: Federal Progress to Date Table 3.1
Page 36 and 37: FTA FTA is working with DOE on abou
Page 38 and 39: According to DOE, the cost of produ
Page 40: Fe d e r a l In t e r a g e n c y C
Page 43 and 44: ers and retailers, consumers, and g
Page 45 and 46: http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs
Page 47 and 48: ►► Sustained commitment Program
Page 49 and 50: Map 4: Geographic Distribution of N
Page 52 and 53:
Appendix B—Comparison of Alternat
Page 54 and 55:
Appendix C—International Hydrogen
Page 56:
Denmark • As reported by the Hydr
Page 59 and 60:
CA Los Angeles BP LAX Airport Hydro
Page 61 and 62:
MI Detroit NextEnergy Center Hydrog
Page 63 and 64:
List of Acronyms and Abreviations S
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