Hermetic Compressor - Tecumseh

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6 SERVICE HANDBOOK Prevention of Water-Utilizing System Explosions In certain water-utilizing refrigeration systems, water can leak into the refrigerant side of the system. This can lead to an explosion of system components including, but not limited to, the compressor. If such an explosion occurs, the resulting blast can kill or seriously injure anyone in the vicinity. Systems at Risk of Explosion Water-utilizing systems that have single-wall heat exchangers may present a risk of explosion. Such systems may include: • water source heat pump/air conditioning systems, and • water cooling systems, such as icemakers, water coolers, and juice dispensers. Water-utilizing systems that have single-wall heat exchangers present a risk of explosion unless they have either: • a high pressure cut-out which interrupts power to ALL leads to the compressor, or • an external pressure relief valve. How an Explosion Occurs If the refrigerant tubing in the heat exchanger develops a leak, water can enter the refrigerant side of the system. Water entering the refrigerant side can come in contact with live electrical connections in the compressor causing a short circuit or a path to ground. When this occurs, extremely high temperatures can result. The heat build-up creates steam vapor that can cause excessive pressure throughout the entire system. This system pressure can lead to an explosion of the compressor or other system components. Service Procedures In light of the risk of explosion, be especially alert for signs of water leaking into the refrigerant side of the system. Whenever servicing or troubleshooting a water-utilizing system, always check to see if it has either a pressure relief valve or a high-pressure cutout as previously described. If the system does not have at least one of these, DISCONNECT ALL ELECTRICAL POWER and look for indications that water has leaked into the refrigerant side of the system. These indications may include: • Observation or a report of a blown fuse or tripped circuit breaker. • Signs that water has leaked to the outside of the system. • Reports that the system has made gurgling or percolating noises. • A history of loss of refrigerant charge without a leak being found in the system. NOTE: Common leak detection methods will not detect a water-to-refrigerant leak in the system’s heat exchanger(s). • Observation of or a report of the compressor giving off an unusual amount of heat. If ANY of these indications are present, do the following checks to determine if water has leaked into the refrigerant side: Step 1: Check for a Ground Fault (a Short to Ground) Use only a megohmmeter (“megger”) or a Hi-Potential Ground tester (“Hi-Pot”) to check for a ground fault. A conventional ohmmeter will not reliably detect a ground fault under certain circumstances. To check for a ground fault, use the procedure outlined on pages 40-41. • If a ground fault does not exist, go to Step 2. • If a ground fault does exist, keep the power off.
7 WARNING! To avoid electric shock, electrocution and terminal venting with ignition, do not energize a compressor that has a ground fault. Mark and red tag the compressor to indicate that there is a ground fault. Do not reconnect the power leads. Tape and insulate each power lead separately. Proceed to Step 2. Do not replace the compressor or energize the system before performing Step 2. Step 2: Check for Water in the System Once the compressor is cool to the touch, open the system process valve slightly to see if any water comes out of the system. WARNING! Opening the system process valve while the compressor is hot can cause severe burns from steam coming out of the valve. If ANY water comes out of the process valve, the entire system must be replaced. See "replacing a Single-wall Water-utilizing System” below. If water does not come out of the process valve, there is still a possibility that some water has leaked into the refrigerant side of the system. To address this possibility, determine if the system has a history of losing refrigerant charge without a leak being found or repaired. If you find ANY indication of a history of losing refrigerant charge without detection of a leak, this is a sign that refrigerant has leaked in the water inside the heat exchanger. The entire system must be replaced. See “Replacing a Single-wall Water-utilizing System” on page 33. If you do not find any indication of a history of loss of charge without detection of a leak, you still need to install: »a » high-pressure cut-out which interrupts power to ALL leads to the compressor, or »an » external pressure relief valve. Also, if you found a ground fault in the compressor in Step 1, replace the compressor before applying power to the system. Start Capacitor Overheating An overheated start capacitor can burst and spray or splatter hot material that can cause burns. Applying voltage to a start capacitor for more than a few seconds can cause the capacitor to overheat. Check capacitors with a capacitance meter, and never check a capacitor with the power on. System Evacuation Never use a compressor to evacuate a system. Instead, use a high-vacuum pump specifically designed for that purpose. Never start the compressor while it is under deep vacuum. Always break a vacuum with a minimum 2 psig refrigerant charge before energizing the compressor. The compressor is cooled primarily by the flow of refrigerant. Running a system that is low on charge will reduce the life of the comperssor. Failure to follow these instructions can damage the hermetic terminal. As always, to avoid serious injury or death from terminal venting with ignition, never energize the compressor unless the protective terminal cover is securely fastened.
Page 1: Hermetic Compressor Service Handboo
Page 5 and 6: Handbook Purpose and Description Te
Page 7: Table of Contents Servicing 29 Intr
Page 10 and 11: 2 SERVICE HANDBOOK Introduction Tec
Page 12 and 13: 4 SERVICE HANDBOOK Refrigerants and
Page 17 and 18: Model and Application Chapter 2
Page 19 and 20: 11 AEA4440YXA XC Condensing Unit Mo
Page 21: 13 Table 2-1: Serial Label Month Id
Page 24 and 25: 16 SERVICE HANDBOOK Single-phase Co
Page 26 and 27: 18 SERVICE HANDBOOK Minimum startin
Page 28 and 29: 20 SERVICE HANDBOOK External Line-B
Page 30 and 31: 22 SERVICE HANDBOOK Relay Type Tabl
Page 32 and 33: 24 SERVICE HANDBOOK FIGURE 3-16: Po
Page 34 and 35: 26 SERVICE HANDBOOK Capacitor Type
Page 37 and 38: Servicing Chapter 4
Page 39 and 40: Servicing 31 Introduction to Servic
Page 41 and 42: 33 Step 1: Check for a Ground Fault
Page 43 and 44: 35 Table 4-1: Troubleshooting Chart
Page 45 and 46: 37 Table 4-1: Troubleshooting Chart
Page 47 and 48: 39 Complaint Possible Causes Respon
Page 49 and 50: 41 electrocution, always follow the
Page 51 and 52: 43 Checking for Other Electrical Pr
Page 53 and 54: 45 Step 1: Before Continuing with T
Page 55 and 56: 47 Step 1: Before Continuing Troubl
Page 61 and 62: 53 This CSIR compressor has the fol
Page 63 and 64: 55 Step 6: Check Start Capacitor CA
Page 65 and 66:
57 Step 1: Before Continuing with T
Page 67 and 68:
59 This CSR compressor has the foll
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61 to the OEM service information.
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 81 and 82:
Installation and Replacement Chapte
Page 83 and 84:
75 Discharge Tube Discharge Tube AK
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77 Table 5-1: R-22 Refrigerant Line
Page 87 and 88:
79 Table 5-4: R-134a Refrigerant Li
Page 89 and 90:
81 Table 5-7: R-404A Refrigerant Li
Page 91 and 92:
83 7. If a suction line accumulator
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85 WARNING! Never use a compressor
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87 Replacing Compressors in Water-U
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90 SERVICE HANDBOOK Control of Liqu
Page 100 and 101:
92 SERVICE HANDBOOK Crankcase Heate
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94 SERVICE HANDBOOK Starting a Syst
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96 SERVICE HANDBOOK FIGURE 6-10: Li
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98 SERVICE HANDBOOK Accumulator Sel
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Appendix
Page 111 and 112:
103 Condenser Fan Receiver Tank Hea
Page 113 and 114:
105 Reciprocating Compressor FIGURE
Page 115 and 116:
107 Table A-1: continued Capillary
Page 117 and 118:
109 Source Table A-4: Most Common O
Page 120:
When it comes to compressors... Thi
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