A History of Protestant missions in the near East

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198 History of Protestant Missions in the Near East and to Khartum in the South, in Arabia, Persia, North and South India, in fact in all Muhammadan countries in which Arabic is spoken and understood. In 1837 the Mejlis el Maarif, or Board of Public Instruction of the Sultan, placed the seal of authorization upon thirty-three different editions of the Arabic Bible and portions of the Bible. Dr. Yan Dyck died on the 13th of November, 1895, in Beirut, at the age of seventy-seven. Among the American missionaries of this period, mention must be made of the learned Eev. Win. M. Thomson, D. D., the celebrated explorer of Palestine, who gave the results of his comprehensive and careful studies in " The Land and the Book," one of the most read books in America, treating of the Holy Land. He continued for fifty years his work as a missionary in Syria, retiring in 1877. He died in Denver, Colorado, on the 8th of April, 1894, aged eighty-nine years. Dr. W. W. Eddy devoted himself chiefly to the training of teachers, opening a theological seminary in Abeih, which he subsequently removed to Beirut in 1873. He died in 1900 in Beirut, at the age of seventy-eight. The rebellion of the Druses in 1860 is a tragic episode in the history of the Syrian Mission. It was again the fault of the Maronites. In spite of the defeats they had suffered in 1842 and 1845, they were still eager to fight, hoping thoroughly to humble their hated neighbours. Without any cause they fell upon several Druse villages, but the Druses rose up against them as one man, being encouraged and supported also in the work of slaughter by the Turks, who held that a little blood-letting was good for these Christians, who were becoming too powerful and numerous. Soon the mountains and valleys of Southern Lebanon were resounding with the cries of agony and death, uttered by the unhappy Maronites, whose men and growing boys were mercilessly slaughtered, while the women fled helplessly down to the seacoast to seek protection in Beirut and Sidon. In the valley of Ccele-Syria, between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, more than a thousand Maronites were
Syria and Palestine 199 killed, the worst work being done in the Christian quarter of Damascus. On the 9th of July the Druses, assisted by Kurds and Arabs, rushed like a pack of famished wolves upon the Christians there, plundering and burning their houses for four or five days. Five thousand Christians are said to have been mercilessly massacred by these savages. And the Turkish authorities looked on with arms folded, not moving a finger to stop the carnage. What did it amount to, that, afterwards, when the powers, intervening for the defense of the Christians, collected a fleet off the Syrian coast, the Grand Yizier inflicted fearful punishment on one or two hundred of the malefactors in Damascus ? It is impossible to say how great the number of the victims was. As usual in such cases, it was to the advantage of the Turks to state the smallest possible number, and they scorned the assumption that more than a few hundred, or at most a thousand, had been massacred. On the other hand the Maronites and their Komish friends enormously exaggerated the losses, reporting 30,000, or more, as having been murdered. Probably about 14,000 Maronites, Melchites and Greeks 1 lost their lives. It is worthy of notice that the Protestants were, in the main, not involved in these massacres. Only in Hasbeiya did they voluntarily join the Maronites and Greeks, whereupon they suffered greatly. That Protestants elsewhere were left for the most part in peace, is a clear proof that it was not mainly a religious struggle, but a feud between hereditary enemies, the Druses and the Maronites. The suffering in the devastated districts was boundless, the villages having been plundered, the houses burned down, the plantations destroyed. By hundreds and thousands the helpless and defenseless widows and orphans crowded together on the coast. A cry of indignation resounded throughout Christian Europe that Turkey should permit such inhuman slaughter to take place at her very gates. Pity for the victims 1 Canon Tristram, in "Daughters of 'Syria," estimates the number of the killed at 11,000; of those who perished from want, at 4,000; of widows and orphans, at 20,000; of ruined houses, at 3,000.
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GIFT OF
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A HISTORY OF PROTESTANT MISSIONS IN
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Preface TO the Boards of the great
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INTRODUCTION Contents n I. THE MUHA
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Contents 9 3. The Church Missionary
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1 2 Introduction needed for the com
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14 Introduction The century which f
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16 Introduction around it. The rout
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THOUGH VIII SUMMARIES AND STATISTIC
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ABADIYE, 204 Abassides, The, 35, 59
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Index 425 Bishop, Mrs. Isabella Bir
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Index 427 Ford, Miss, 207 Fossum, 3
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Index 429 Lebanon, The, 47 f, Khart
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; Nestorians, Index 431 difficultie
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Index 433 St. John, German Hospital
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(07 4927^7 / o I? -r UNIVERSITY OF
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A History of Protestant missions in the near East

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