24. Welcome to Dubrovnik - Turistička zajednica grada Dubrovnika

Baština
Muzej se sastoji od tri dijela.
U prvom dijelu ispričana je povijest
židovske zajednice u proteklim
stoljećima što je ilustrirano arhivskim
ispravama. Drugi dio čuva izložene
vjerske predmete vrlo visoke vrijednosti
kao što su svitci Tore nastali u razmaku
od 13. do 17. stoljeća podrijetlom iz
Italije, Španjolske i Francuske, parohete
s vezovima i čipkama, srebrne rimonime
iz Venecije, menore i srebrni tasovi iz 17.
stoljeća kao i mnoštvo drugih predmeta
koji su služili za vjerske obrede, a pomno
su čuvani punih šest stoljeća, koliko
je zabilježeno i prisustvo Židova na
ovom području. Osobita dragocjenost
je maurski sag iz Španjolske iz 13.
stoljeća, te nekoliko tapiserija. Treći dio
muzeja posvećen je žrtvama Holokausta
s ispravama protužidovskih zakona i
odredbi, kao i sačuvanim predmetima
iz razdoblja velikih stradanja židovske
populacije po cijeloj Europi.
U ovo naše vrijeme kad
Dubrovnik posjećuju rijeke turista,
omiljeno im je mjesto upravo
dubrovačka Sinagoga, dragulj među
dubrovačkim povijesnim vrjednotama,
sačuvan još od vremena kad su u tom
kvartu zveckali dukati od trgovine
koraljima, duhanom, kavom, cvali obrti
slastičara, krojača, klobučara, knjižara,
rađali se vrsni liječnici i pomorci, i svi
zajedno u imućnoj Republici sv.Vlaha,
pridonosili stvaranju temelja bogate
i nadaleko poznate povijesne baštine
Dubrovnika.
The streets of Dubrovnik
are arrayed on both
sides of the Stradun like
paintings, each with its own portrait,
completely different from the others.
One of them, stretching from the
Stradun towards Prijeko Street, used to
be called Lojarska Street because tallowcandles
(lojanice) were once made there.
It was later renamed Žudioska Street
(Jewish Street) because of the ancient
Synagogue located there. Namely, after
the expulsion of the Jews from the
Iberian Peninsula in the 15th century
and their great migration all over
Europe, a number of Sephardic Jews
decided to settle down permanently in
the Dubrovnik Republic. This happened
in the 16th century when a homogenous
Jewish community was established in
Dubrovnik. The Dubrovnik authorities
reached a final decision on the
establishment of a ghetto within the
city walls, to be more precise, close to
the City’s main street, the Placa, and
near the Sponza Palace, where customs
procedures were carried out and goods
were stored.
The ghetto initially consisted
of four state owned houses and six
storehouses, and the Jews paid rent
to the Dubrovnik Customs Office. A
Jewish community was founded then,
with a Synagogue located on the second
floor of one of the houses. The facade of
the Synagogue was in the Gothic style,
while the interior was later designed in
Italian Baroque style. During its many
centuries of existence the Synagogue
has housed many interesting details.
Right above the entrance the skilful
hand of a stone-cutter carved the
following inscription a long time ago:
„Blessed are you who enter “, while an
inscription opposite the entrance, on
the facade of the house across the road
from the Synagogue reads: Blessed are
you who leave“. For sure those turbulent
and insecure times required words of
comfort.
Nowadays a museum,
the Synagogue – as a major part of
Dubrovnik’s historic heritage – houses
an extremely valuable ancient and
cultural inventory of the rich Jewish
heritage. Its central part is vaulted
with three arches. A Birnah is placed
under the central arch, while the Aron
HaKodesh encircled with massive
wooden pillars stands at the eastern
wall. On the southern and northern
side one can see wooden bars secreting
a room from which women could watch
the religious ceremony. In the 19th
century the room was replaced by a
gallery on the western side.
The museum consists of three
sections. The first tells the history of the
28 Dobrodošli u Dubrovnik Zima 2012./13.