D5 Annex report WP 7: ETISDatabase methodology ... - ETIS plus

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D5 Annex WP 7: ETIS DATABASE METHODOLOGY AND DATABASE USER MANUAL – PASSENGER TRANSPORT SUPPLY Figure 4.3 Methodology for the generation of impedance matrices for the air mode Modal choice model: Access to/ egress from airports Flight schedules “connection builder” Generation of intermodal trip chains for each alternative route between origin region i and destination region j, with air as main mode Route choice model Generation of probabilities for each trip chain (trippurposespecific) Generation of times, costs, frequencies for each trip chain (trippurposespecific) Connection builder Ticket consolidator database; Price model for air; Impedances for airport access/ egress Average time, costs, frequencies for a journey between region i and region j with air as main mode (trippurposespecific) 4.3.4 Direct passenger travel costs road The calculations of road travel costs refer to the fastest paths between a certain O/D pair and represent the “outofpocket costs”. Hence, the most important cost components are fuel costs and road charges. Furthermore, in order to derive the costs per passenger an average passenger car occupancy rate is taken into account. A countryspecific differentiation of values for the latter variables is envisaged, but is subject to further analyses on data availability. With regard to road tolls the following distinction has to be made: · linkspecific road charges, which are raised for the usage of certain infrastructure links, e.g. motorway tolls in France, Italy, Spain, Portugal; charging of certain links like tunnels or bridges in Austria, Denmark, Slovenia or Croatia. · generic road charges (vignette), which are a type of road charge being applied to users of a whole (sub)network, independently from the users’ actual way of using of the infrastructure, e.g. vignettes in Switzerland, Austria. · combined road charges, which are constituted by a system, in which apart from a generic road charge, linkspecific road charges are applied, e.g. generic motorway charges, with additional linkspecific charges (tunnel, Alpine passes) in Austria. 24 R20040089.doc 27 May 2004
D5 Annex WP 7: ETIS DATABASE METHODOLOGY AND DATABASE USER MANUAL – PASSENGER TRANSPORT SUPPLY It is selfevident to consider linkspecific road tolls in the calculation of direct passenger travel costs for road, as these costs can be linked directly to the network and can be charged to all flows, whose fastest path is aligned to road sections subject to road tolls. However, the consideration of generic road tolls is not that obvious, since the dimension of impacts on direct costs varies significantly by the users’ pattern of infrastructure usage over a certain period of time: e.g. the Swiss motorway vignette could be either used for a oneway travel through Switzerland or for a one year’s extensive usage of the Swiss motorway network, with very different impacts on direct costs. Hence the way of dealing with generic road tolls for the calculation of direct travel costs is subject to further examination. The information on motorway tolls has been consolidated and implemented in the road network model. Figure 4.4 illustrates the present status of work for road tolls and depicts a thematic map on the average linkspecific road charges per kilometre. Generic road charges are also visualised. R20040089.doc 27 May 2004 25
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