Gilson and Voss - Voss Associates

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CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DDE + CEDE TODE = DDE + CDE TEDE = total effective dose equivalent TODE = total organ dose equivalent DDE = deep dose equivalent CDE = 50 year committed dose equivalent to a tissue or organ CEDE = 50 year committed effective dose equivalent DOSE EQUIVALENT LIMITS & POSTING REQUIREMENTS (10CFR20 & 10CFR835) Dose Equivalent Annual Limit TEDE 5 rem 50 mSv TODE 50 rem 0.5 Sv LDE 15 rem 0.15 Sv SDE,WB 50 rem 0.5 Sv SDE, ME 50 rem 0.5 Sv TEDE (general public) 0.1 rem 1 mSv DOSE EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENT Abbreviations from USNRC Reg. Guide 8.7 Measurement Depth for Density Thickness External Sources (cm) (mg / cm ) TEDE 1 1000 TODE 1 1000 LDE 0.3 300 1 SDE, WB 0.007 7 2 SDE, ME 0.007 7 1 SDE, WB is the shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the whole body 2 SDE, ME the shallow dose equivalent to a major extremity. Page 53 CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DDE + CEDE TODE = DDE + CDE TEDE = total effective dose equivalent TODE = total organ dose equivalent DDE = deep dose equivalent CDE = 50 year committed dose equivalent to a tissue or organ CEDE = 50 year committed effective dose equivalent DOSE EQUIVALENT LIMITS & POSTING REQUIREMENTS (10CFR20 & 10CFR835) Dose Equivalent Annual Limit TEDE 5 rem 50 mSv TODE 50 rem 0.5 Sv LDE 15 rem 0.15 Sv SDE,WB 50 rem 0.5 Sv SDE, ME 50 rem 0.5 Sv TEDE (general public) 0.1 rem 1 mSv DOSE EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENT Abbreviations from USNRC Reg. Guide 8.7 Measurement Depth for Density Thickness External Sources (cm) (mg / cm ) TEDE 1 1000 TODE 1 1000 LDE 0.3 300 1 SDE, WB 0.007 7 2 SDE, ME 0.007 7 1 SDE, WB is the shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the whole body 2 SDE, ME the shallow dose equivalent to a major extremity. Page 53 CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DDE + CEDE TODE = DDE + CDE TEDE = total effective dose equivalent TODE = total organ dose equivalent DDE = deep dose equivalent CDE = 50 year committed dose equivalent to a tissue or organ CEDE = 50 year committed effective dose equivalent DOSE EQUIVALENT LIMITS & POSTING REQUIREMENTS (10CFR20 & 10CFR835) Dose Equivalent Annual Limit TEDE 5 rem 50 mSv TODE 50 rem 0.5 Sv LDE 15 rem 0.15 Sv SDE,WB 50 rem 0.5 Sv SDE, ME 50 rem 0.5 Sv TEDE (general public) 0.1 rem 1 mSv DOSE EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENT Abbreviations from USNRC Reg. Guide 8.7 Measurement Depth for Density Thickness External Sources (cm) (mg / cm ) TEDE 1 1000 TODE 1 1000 LDE 0.3 300 1 SDE, WB 0.007 7 2 SDE, ME 0.007 7 1 SDE, WB is the shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the whole body 2 SDE, ME the shallow dose equivalent to a major extremity. Page 53 CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DDE + CEDE TODE = DDE + CDE TEDE = total effective dose equivalent TODE = total organ dose equivalent DDE = deep dose equivalent CDE = 50 year committed dose equivalent to a tissue or organ CEDE = 50 year committed effective dose equivalent DOSE EQUIVALENT LIMITS & POSTING REQUIREMENTS (10CFR20 & 10CFR835) Dose Equivalent Annual Limit TEDE 5 rem 50 mSv TODE 50 rem 0.5 Sv LDE 15 rem 0.15 Sv SDE,WB 50 rem 0.5 Sv SDE, ME 50 rem 0.5 Sv TEDE (general public) 0.1 rem 1 mSv DOSE EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENT Abbreviations from USNRC Reg. Guide 8.7 Measurement Depth for Density Thickness External Sources (cm) (mg / cm ) TEDE 1 1000 TODE 1 1000 LDE 0.3 300 1 SDE, WB 0.007 7 2 SDE, ME 0.007 7 1 SDE, WB is the shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the whole body 2 SDE, ME the shallow dose equivalent to a major extremity. Page 53
RADIATION INTERACTIONS Charged Particles - + Ionization, Excitation, Bremsstrahlung (â ), Annihilation (â ) Neutrons Scattering (E > 0.025 eV) Elastic (energy and momentum are conserved) Inelastic (photon emitted) Absorption (E < 0.025 eV) Radiative Capture (n, ã) Particle Emission (n, á) (n, p) (n, n) Fission (n, f) Gamma or X-ray photons Photoelectric Effect (generally < 1 MeV) Compton Scattering (generally 200 keV - 5 MeV) Pair Production (minimum 1.022 MeV) Scattered Photon T' = T / [1 + T(1 - cos è) / m0c 2] 2 where c = 931.5 MeV / amu Bremsstrahlung emitted energy is ~ 1/3 of the electron energy Photon Attenuation: I x = I0e µx Interaction Probability per gram: 3 3 Photoelectric Z / E Compton independent of Z Pair Production Z 1 µ Total = µ pe + µ cs + µ cc W Air = 33.9 eV per ion pair Specific Ionization = S/W (i.p. / cm) Page 54 RADIATION INTERACTIONS Charged Particles - + Ionization, Excitation, Bremsstrahlung (â ), Annihilation (â ) Neutrons Scattering (E > 0.025 eV) Elastic (energy and momentum are conserved) Inelastic (photon emitted) Absorption (E < 0.025 eV) Radiative Capture (n, ã) Particle Emission (n, á) (n, p) (n, n) Fission (n, f) Gamma or X-ray photons Photoelectric Effect (generally < 1 MeV) Compton Scattering (generally 200 keV - 5 MeV) Pair Production (minimum 1.022 MeV) Scattered Photon T' = T / [1 + T(1 - cos è) / m0c 2] 2 where c = 931.5 MeV / amu Bremsstrahlung emitted energy is ~ 1/3 of the electron energy Photon Attenuation: I x = I0e µx Interaction Probability per gram: 3 3 Photoelectric Z / E Compton independent of Z Pair Production Z 1 µ Total = µ pe + µ cs + µ cc W Air = 33.9 eV per ion pair Specific Ionization = S/W (i.p. / cm) Page 54 RADIATION INTERACTIONS Charged Particles - + Ionization, Excitation, Bremsstrahlung (â ), Annihilation (â ) Neutrons Scattering (E > 0.025 eV) Elastic (energy and momentum are conserved) Inelastic (photon emitted) Absorption (E < 0.025 eV) Radiative Capture (n, ã) Particle Emission (n, á) (n, p) (n, n) Fission (n, f) Gamma or X-ray photons Photoelectric Effect (generally < 1 MeV) Compton Scattering (generally 200 keV - 5 MeV) Pair Production (minimum 1.022 MeV) Scattered Photon T' = T / [1 + T(1 - cos è) / m0c 2] 2 where c = 931.5 MeV / amu Bremsstrahlung emitted energy is ~ 1/3 of the electron energy Photon Attenuation: I x = I0e µx Interaction Probability per gram: 3 3 Photoelectric Z / E Compton independent of Z Pair Production Z 1 µ Total = µ pe + µ cs + µ cc W Air = 33.9 eV per ion pair Specific Ionization = S/W (i.p. / cm) Page 54 RADIATION INTERACTIONS Charged Particles - + Ionization, Excitation, Bremsstrahlung (â ), Annihilation (â ) Neutrons Scattering (E > 0.025 eV) Elastic (energy and momentum are conserved) Inelastic (photon emitted) Absorption (E < 0.025 eV) Radiative Capture (n, ã) Particle Emission (n, á) (n, p) (n, n) Fission (n, f) Gamma or X-ray photons Photoelectric Effect (generally < 1 MeV) Compton Scattering (generally 200 keV - 5 MeV) Pair Production (minimum 1.022 MeV) Scattered Photon T' = T / [1 + T(1 - cos è) / m0c 2] 2 where c = 931.5 MeV / amu Bremsstrahlung emitted energy is ~ 1/3 of the electron energy Photon Attenuation: I x = I0e µx Interaction Probability per gram: 3 3 Photoelectric Z / E Compton independent of Z Pair Production Z 1 µ Total = µ pe + µ cs + µ cc W Air = 33.9 eV per ion pair Specific Ionization = S/W (i.p. / cm) Page 54
Page 1 and 2:
HANDBOOK OF RADIATION DATA HANDBOOK
Page 3 and 4:
Abbreviations 115 Activity vs Expos
Page 5 and 6: EMERGENCY RESPONSE SWIMS for Radiol
Page 7 and 8: Major Injuries Occurring in Hazardo
Page 9 and 10: ACUTE RADIATION EFFECTS ACUTE RADIA
Page 11 and 12: CONTAMINATED / INJURED PERSON FORM
Page 13 and 14: Z Density Z Density 76 Osmium Os 22
Page 15 and 16: Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay
Page 17 and 18: Progeny kev and % abundance 41 Ar 4
Page 19 and 20: Progeny kev and % abundance 65 Ni 6
Page 21 and 22: Progeny kev and % abundance 134 I 1
Page 23 and 24: Progeny kev and % abundance 220 216
Page 25 and 26: Progeny kev and % abundance 234 Th
Page 27 and 28: Thorium-232 Decay Chain including t
Page 29 and 30: Uranium-238 Decay (including Radon
Page 31 and 32: Progeny kev and % abundance Progeny
Page 33 and 34: Progeny kev and % abundance 225 Ra
Page 35 and 36: Progeny kev and % abundance Progeny
Page 37 and 38: Rem/hr / Ci Sv/hr / GBq Half-Life C
Page 47 and 48: Gamma exposure at 30 cm vs Particle
Page 49 and 50: Activity in DPM vs Particle Size in
Page 51 and 52: DOSIMETRY 1 Bq = 1 dps = 2.7 E-11 C
Page 53 and 54: INTERNAL DOSIMETRY Effective Half-L
Page 55: 1 RADIATION WEIGHTING FACTORS (ICRP
Page 59 and 60: CALCULATING NEUTRON SHIELD THICKNES
Page 61 and 62: Neutron and Gamma Shielding SIMPLIF
Page 63 and 64: Shallow Dose Correction Factor In a
Page 65 and 66: Photon Fluence Rate ö from a Point
Page 67 and 68: A comparison of signal levels for v
Page 69 and 70: INSTRUMENT SELECTION AND USE Exposu
Page 71 and 72: Airborne Radioactivity (long-lived)
Page 73 and 74: AIR MONITORING Concentration Concen
Page 75 and 76: Filter Media Characteristics for Al
Page 77 and 78: 10CFR20 DAC 10CFR835 DAC 10CFR20 AL
Page 105 and 106: STCs = Special Tritium Compounds 1
Page 107 and 108:
Z # K K L L 96 Cm 109.10 123.24 14.
Page 109 and 110:
Z # K K L L 45 Rh 20.21 22.72 2.70
Page 111 and 112:
MDA when background and sample coun
Page 113 and 114:
ELEVATIONS OF MAJOR AIRPORTS AND FA
Page 115 and 116:
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ELEVATIONS (F
Page 117 and 118:
SI and US “Traditional” Units A
Page 119 and 120:
CONVERSION OF UNITS Length 1 angstr
Page 121 and 122:
Radiological 1 rad = 100 ergs / g 1
Page 123 and 124:
Power 1 joule/sec = 1E7 ergs/sec 1
Page 125 and 126:
SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME CALCULATION
Page 127 and 128:
RULES OF THUMB FOR ALPHA PARTICLES
Page 129 and 130:
RULES OF THUMB FOR BETA PARTICLES 1
Page 131 and 132:
RULES OF THUMB FOR GAMMA RADIATION
Page 133 and 134:
APPROXIMATE NEUTRON ENERGIES cold n
Page 135 and 136:
Energy & Yield of neutrons from the
Page 137 and 138:
Isotopic Mix of WG Pu 238 Pu 239 Pu
Page 139 and 140:
Neutron exposure rate from the oxid
Page 141 and 142:
Isotopic Mix of 20% Enriched U 238
Page 143 and 144:
UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY “Special Un
Page 145 and 146:
RADON FACTS 1 working level = 222 3
Page 147 and 148:
Relative Risk Your overall risk of
Page 149 and 150:
Advanced Radiation Instrumentation
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