Common Mental Disorders Depression - New Zealand Doctor

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Delirium Delusion Dementia Depression Depressive disorder Depressive symptoms DSM A disturbance of consciousness, usually fluctuating, and a change in cognition developing over a short period of time A firm belief or perception held in the face of evidence to the contrary, not accounted for by cultural or religious background Multiple cognitive deficits that include memory impairment and at least one of the following cognitive disturbances: agnosia, aphasia, apraxia or a disturbance in executive functioning In this guideline, the term depression is used as shorthand for a disorder meeting DSM or ICD diagnostic criteria for major depression/major depressive episode. These criteria refer to a cluster of depressive symptoms (see below) that is present on most days, for most of the time, for at least 2 weeks and which is out of the ordinary for that individual. See relevant manual/website for details 243,306 Is used to refer to a condition meeting DSM or ICD diagnostic criteria for a depressive disorder (eg, major depression, dysthymia, postnatal depression) ICD-10 and DSM-IV include the following as depressive symptoms: 243,306 • depressed mood • loss of interest or pleasure in normal or previously enjoyable activities • decreased energy and increased fatigue • sleep disturbance • inappropriate or excessive feelings of worthlessness or guilt • diminished ability to think or concentrate • appetite change with corresponding weight change • psychomotor agitation or retardation • suicidal ideation or recurrent thoughts of death. The ICD-10 lists loss of confidence or self esteem as an additional symptom 306 Commonly known as DSM, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders lists different categories of mental disorders and the criteria for diagnosing them 150 Identification of Common Mental Disorders and Management of Depression in Primary Care
Glossary, abbreviations and acronyms Dysthymia GDT GP Grandiose delusions Hallucinations Hypomania Hyposomnia ICD Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) Maintenance treatment Mania A chronic lowering of mood that does not fulfil the criteria for recurrent depressive disorder, in terms of either severity or duration of individual episodes Guideline Development Team General practitioner A delusion in which one believes oneself possessed of great wealth, intellect, importance and/or power A sensory perception in the absence of an external stimulus, which occurs while conscious and awake See mania Insufficient sleep Most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease A structured psychological intervention that focuses on interpersonal issues and where therapist and patient work collaboratively to identify the effects of key problematic areas related to interpersonal conflicts, role transitions, grief and loss, and social skills, and their effects on current problems. They seek to reduce symptoms by learning to cope with or resolve these problem areas Treatment after remission of depressive symptoms in order to prevent relapse or recurrence Symptoms of mania (impacting on daily functioning to a marked degree) or hypomania (clearly observable changes to others that are uncharacteristic but not impacting on life to a marked degree) are: • inflated self-esteem or grandiosity • decreased need for sleep (eg, feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep) • more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking • flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing • distractibility (ie, attention too easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant external stimuli) continued over... Identification of Common Mental Disorders and Management of Depression in Primary Care 151
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Identification of Common Mental Dis
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Statement of intent Evidence-based
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Endorsements Te Ao Maramatanga New
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3.6 Clinical features of common men
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List of figures 3.1 When to refer a
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About the guideline Foreword The Ne
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About the guideline Guideline devel
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About the guideline Paediatric subg
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About the guideline Royal New Zeala
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Algorithm 1 Management of depressio
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Algorithm 2a Management of severe d
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Algorithm 2c Management of mild dep
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• limited access to psychiatrists
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Asian peoples About 7% of the New Z
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12-month period amongst adults atte
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Table 1.2 Prevalence of common ment
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1.4 Etiology of common mental disor
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The ‘hopelessness theory’ 94 co
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Sexuality Data from the Christchurc
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Since those who are affected by sui
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2.3 Managing depression: the steppe
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to informed consent. 152 There is a
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3 Recognition and assessment of com
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Chapter 3 Recognition and assessmen
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Good practice points Management of
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Box 4.1 Whänau Ora The concept of
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If the young person/rangatahi/tamar
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Exercise There was insufficient evi
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at any timepoint. Treatment as usua
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5 Recognition and assessment of com
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6 Management of depression in adult
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Chapter 6 Management of depression
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Recommendations continued... Women
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during pregnancy, of which up to 6%
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Secondary care evidence Based on ev
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Advice for women It may be helpful
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Page 145 and 146: 9 Models of care 9.1 Introduction V
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Page 170 and 171: Information about mental disorders
Page 172 and 173: Dysthymia Dysthymia is a chronic lo
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Page 181 and 182: References 1. The MaGPIe Research G
Page 183 and 184: References 38. Tse S, Tong K, Hong
Page 185 and 186: References 72. Kendler K, Kuhn J, P
Page 187 and 188: References 107. Halligan SL, Murray
Page 189 and 190: References 143. Dejesus RS, Vickers
Page 191 and 192: References 179. Shaffer D, Scott M,
Page 193 and 194: References 215. Garralda ME, Bowman
Page 195 and 196: References 249. Zwaanswijk M, Verha
Page 197 and 198: References 283. Linde K, Berner M,
Page 199 and 200: References 318. Henkel V, Mergl R,
Page 201 and 202: References 353. Rush AJ. STAR*D: wh
Page 203 and 204: References 386. Ward E, King M, Llo
Page 205 and 206: References 417. Kirsch I, Deacon BJ
Page 207 and 208: References 451. Zigmond AS, Snaith
Page 209 and 210: References 486. Appleby L, Warner R
Page 211 and 212: References 520. Irwin M, Artin KH,
Page 213 and 214: References 557. Agnew F, Pulotu-End
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Common Mental Disorders Depression - New Zealand Doctor

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