Stabilization and Reconstruction Staffing - RAND Corporation

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6 Stabilization and Reconstruction Staffing: Developing U.S. Civilian Personnelundertaken in Germany after World War II) are not considered here,because such operations would require programs and efforts not calledfor in any but the most extraordinary circumstances.Nonetheless, the U.S. government must identify its requirementsfor SSTR capabilities before it can consider the size of, and resourcesto be committed to, creating civilian SSTR staffing capabilities. Asof the completion of this monograph, we are not aware of an effortby the U.S. government to do so in a definitive fashion; therefore, wemake some assumptions about how such requirements can be identified,based on our first-hand experience with CPA and current governmentefforts.The research and analysis for this project began in late 2004 andended in January 2006. A draft version of this monograph was completedin May 2006. After a formal review process, the monographwas revised and updated selectively. The report was cleared for publicrelease in April 2007.ApproachOur main research question is: What steps can the U.S. governmenttake to develop the capability to provide competent civilian supportto SSTR operations? To address the question, we use a four-stepapproach:••••Define core descriptors of a competent SSTR staff, as well as aframework for articulating requirements for adequate staff.Examine approaches for filling staffing requirements.Articulate the legal, policy, and human concerns and challengesof creating the capabilities needed for these approaches.Put forth a set of options for creating these capabilities in the U.S.government.The data gathered to support this research come from two sources:(1) literature on how to increase the quality and quantity of civilianparticipation in recent SSTR operations and (2) interviews and per-
The Problem 7sonal correspondence with personnel having direct experience in SSTRoperations or special visibility into the problems of civilian participationin SSTR operations. We chose people to interview according totheir•••••experiences with the CPA or other SSTR deploymentsknowledge of current scholarship on SSTR and efforts similar toSSTRcurrent involvement with U.S. or United Kingdom (UK) SSTRpolicy, plans, or programmatic developmentinsights into how other organizations, such as the United Nations(UN), conduct SSTR effortsexperience with U.S. federal government personnel systems.We limited the scope of our literature review to the debate onhow to find a solution to the problem, and we seek to contribute tothat debate. Our review of the literature on addressing the shortcomingsin fielding civilian staffs in recent SSTR operations covered primarilyU.S. government documents and analysis at policy-focusedresearch organizations, such as the United States Institute of Peace orthe Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Policy briefings andresearch reports made up most of the literature that we surveyed aspart of this effort. We understand that the discussions that are part ofthis debate are underpinned by and rely on insights found in the literatureon public administration and management, although the researchreported here does not include a survey of the academic literature onthe topic.As to interview data, we considered the expertise and insights ofpersonnel with direct and extensive experience in SSTR and humanitarianaid efforts. The interviewees included those with experience inthe U.S. government as well as those with experience in internationalorganizations (IOs), Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), or theprivate sector. The interviewees included 18 experts who either heldsenior positions during recent SSTR operations (e.g., CPA Senior Advisors,former U.S. Agency for International Development [USAID]Mission Directors) or had experience with government or interna-
Page 1 and 2: THE ARTSCHILD POLICYCIVIL JUSTICEED
Page 3 and 4: Stabilization andReconstruction Sta
Page 5 and 6: PrefaceThe United States participat
Page 7 and 8: ContentsPreface ...................
Page 9: ContentsviiCHAPTER FIVEConclusions
Page 13: Tables3.1. Number of U.S. Governmen
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Page 23 and 24: AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowle
Page 25 and 26: AbbreviationsACTAWCCACCFRCJTF-7CMPT
Page 27 and 28: AbbreviationsxxvMNSTC-IMoDMOINATOND
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER ONEThe ProblemThe United St
Page 31 and 32: The Problem 3• How long are perso
Page 33: The Problem 5The authors’ first-h
Page 37: The Problem 9sets of CPA civilian s
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Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER THREEWhat Capabilities Does
Page 57 and 58: What Capabilities Does the United S
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Select BibliographyBinnendijk, Hans
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Select Bibliography 101Oliker, Olga
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Select Bibliography 103U.S. Joint F
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