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1.2 CoachingThe Coaching Association of Canada has developed the National Coaching CertificationProgram. It is a training and certification program for all coaches across over 60 sports.Their model discusses the following five core competencies: valuing, interacting, leading,problem-solving and critical thinking. The core competencies are what is essential forcoaches to achieve the following generic coaching outcomes: make ethical decisions,provide support to athletes in training, plan a practice, support the competitiveexperience, analyse performance, design a sport program and manage a program(Coaching Association of Canadian, n.d.) .Coaches are classified based on three streams: Community Sport, Competition andInstruction. Each stream is further broken down into different contexts, which helpidentify the different needs of an athlete as their participation changes. For example theInstruction stream has three contexts: Beginners, Intermediate performers and Advancedperformers. Beginners will have first been exposed and participated in the sport through aseries of lessons and as their skill grows they become Intermediate and Advancedperformers. As this happens they typically will phase into requiring specializedinstruction to help them develop enhanced skills through tactical development specific tothe sport they are participating in (Coaching Association of Canadian, n.d.).<strong>Water</strong> Ski and Wakeboard Canada (2011) describe water skiing as being a blend of fivefundamental skills: stance, edging, rotation, pressure control and timing and coordination.They outline that a good water skiing coach needs to understand the five fundamental6
skills in order to be able to identify when a skier is having a problem and what the causeof the problem is. With a good understanding of what the cause of the problem is theymust be able to choose an exercise to correct it. The effectiveness of this type coachingphilosophy is dependent on the accuracy of the coach’s analysis. A more accurate anddetailed analyse of a skier’s performance will allow the coach to correctly identify whatthe cause of the problem is and provide a specific solution to correct it. Currently, opticalmethods are most commonly used by water skiing coaches. They try to visually identifyproblems and causes, and use the guidelines for the fundamental skills and key teachingpoints that they have learned through coach training programs. Having quantitative datawould increase the accuracy and effectiveness of the current coaching strategy that ismost commonly used (<strong>Water</strong> Ski and Wakeboard Canada, 2011).1.3 InstrumentationThere are many challenges that present themselves when applying instrumentation to thenatural environment of water skiing. Mounting equipment to an athlete who isparticipating in a highly dynamic sport is always challenging and having to waterproofeverything drastically increases the challenge. Likewise, operating electrical equipment ina power boat has its own set of obstacles, being that it is a relatively “noisy” electricalenvironment.The advancements in global positioning system (GPS) technology and the developmentof inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been the most influential in improving theanalysis capabilities of highly dynamic sports [Brodie et al., 2008; Waegli et al., 2007a,7
Page 1 and 2: BIOMECHANICAL PERFORMANCE FACTORS O
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgmentsI would like to star
Page 5: 6.1 Conclusion and Future Considera
Page 8 and 9: 83.42º·s and 48.92 º. There was
Page 10 and 11: List of TablesChapter 4Table 1: Sum
Page 12 and 13: 1.1 The Basics of Water SkiingWater
Page 15: deep water start a good performance
Page 19 and 20: completed their test runs throughou
Page 21 and 22: 1.5 Thesis outlineChapter 2 will pr
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2: Literature Review13
Page 25 and 26: of material can be used as a force
Page 27 and 28: & Pesty, n.d.; Zang et al., 2004].
Page 29 and 30: instrumentation system used did not
Page 31 and 32: allowed them to plot a velocity ver
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 3: Methods and Instrumentat
Page 35 and 36: AbstractThere are many challenges w
Page 37 and 38: is most likely the main reason why
Page 39 and 40: applicable to dynamic sports [Brodi
Page 41 and 42: The product chosen that best met th
Page 43 and 44: ON) that did not require any modifi
Page 45 and 46: single data collection program that
Page 47 and 48: Figure 3 - Diagram of slalom course
Page 49 and 50: for patterns in the data that sugge
Page 51 and 52: 200SU EC ST BTA150Angle (degrees)10
Page 53 and 54: 10050Angle (Degrees)0-50-100-150Pit
Page 55 and 56: RF communication systems are easily
Page 57 and 58: The roll profile can be used to det
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 4: Water Skiing Biomechanic
Page 61 and 62: AbstractSix advanced slalom skiers
Page 63 and 64: Recreational and competitive slalom
Page 65 and 66: Table 1: Summary of human participa
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Figure 2: Diagram of slalom course
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at a rate of 1 Hz (BG-331RGTGT, Mig
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adjusted p-value. (SAS Institue Inc
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Table 3: Summary of completed turns
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Rope load peaks during the cutting
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Peak skier velocity for each turn i
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4 DiscussionThere are several varia
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trend was seen by Runciman (2011) w
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(p=0.2437 and p=0.246). It was expe
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velocity and low peak rope load. In
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improve the accuracy that a coach e
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Chapter 5: Biomechanical Analysis o
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AbstractWater skiing has received l
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ski manufacturers ability to compar
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given about how the effects of the
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tip. The IMU housing was wrapped in
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(roll, acceleration and deceleratio
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decrease. This portion of the turn
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Roll, Ski Acceleration and SkierVel
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Integral of Roll, Peak Roll (degree
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Integral of Roll, Peak Roll (degree
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Integral of Deceleration (m/s 2 *s)
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Figure 12 shows each ski’s overal
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Integral of Acceleration, Peak Acce
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Integral of Acceleration, Peak Acce
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peak velocity is also occurring at
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was not a significant difference be
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The lack of statistical significanc
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Chapter 6 - Conclusion and Future C
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The data, in combination with a sta
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Bachmann, E.R. (2000). Inertial and
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Appendices119
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Load Transducer Output (V)0.80.70.6
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Skiing Background Information6. How
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Section 2 - Follow up surveyPlease
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Appendix C - Ski Survey ResultsThe
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