Biomechanical P ... Slalom Water Skiing R1.pdf - Atrium - University ...

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those that were not completed on the outside of a buoy but still were the properrepresentation of an advanced slalom cut. The number of completed turns around thebuoys was instead used as a quantitative measure of performance. Skier velocity,acceleration and deceleration as well as ski orientation were the other performanceparameters of interest. In combination they could be used to asses the success of a skierduring the cutting portion of their run. Once again the objective would be to maximizetheir performance while minimizing rope load and thus being more efficient.Four skis were chosen for analysis in this study and each skier completed a minimum ofone test run on each of the ski designs. Skis were chosen based on their design, with theobjective being to have a spread of data that was able to identify any differences inperformance. Quantitative data collected was used to analyse the difference inperformance between the four skis as well as skiers. The purpose of the study was to fill avoid found in research literature and provide quantitative data for advanced slalom skiers.The subsequent analysis procedure would provide an improved method for theassessment of skier performance. Having a benchmark for a skier’s performance allowsfor that data to be compared to another skier, the same skier on different equipment or thesame skier while implementing a different technique. Therefore, this type of improvedanalysis will allow for advanced product development and coaching techniques in thewater ski industry.10
1.5 Thesis outlineChapter 2 will provide the necessary background to provide the context of this research.It will be presented as a literature review.The results from the previously described instrumentation and methodology will bepresented in three papers that have been placed in three separate chapters. The papers willall be submitted to the Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology . The first paper istitled “Methods and Instrumentation used for Biomechanical Analysis of Slalom WaterSkiing”. It provides details and design choices for the instrumentation and themethodology that was implemented to provide a strong data set. In addition, it providessome sample data, discusses the applications of the data and some the issues that wereencountered. The intention is for this paper to be submitted as a technical note.The second paper is titled “Water Skiing Biomechanics a study of Advanced Skiers”. Itprovides detailed results from the GPS and axial load cell, including the overall results ofeach skier and ski. The statistical significance and applications of the results will also bediscussed.The third paper is titled “Biomechanical Analysis of Slalom Water Skiing: an in-depthlook at a slalom cut and skier dynamics”. It will give a unique look at the different phasesof a slalom cut and provide the detailed results from the IMU, including the overallresults from each skier and ski. The statistical significance and application of the resultswill also be discussed.11
Page 1 and 2: BIOMECHANICAL PERFORMANCE FACTORS O
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgmentsI would like to star
Page 5: 6.1 Conclusion and Future Considera
Page 8 and 9: 83.42º·s and 48.92 º. There was
Page 10 and 11: List of TablesChapter 4Table 1: Sum
Page 12 and 13: 1.1 The Basics of Water SkiingWater
Page 15 and 16: deep water start a good performance
Page 17 and 18: skills in order to be able to ident
Page 19: completed their test runs throughou
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2: Literature Review13
Page 25 and 26: of material can be used as a force
Page 27 and 28: & Pesty, n.d.; Zang et al., 2004].
Page 29 and 30: instrumentation system used did not
Page 31 and 32: allowed them to plot a velocity ver
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 3: Methods and Instrumentat
Page 35 and 36: AbstractThere are many challenges w
Page 37 and 38: is most likely the main reason why
Page 39 and 40: applicable to dynamic sports [Brodi
Page 41 and 42: The product chosen that best met th
Page 43 and 44: ON) that did not require any modifi
Page 45 and 46: single data collection program that
Page 47 and 48: Figure 3 - Diagram of slalom course
Page 49 and 50: for patterns in the data that sugge
Page 51 and 52: 200SU EC ST BTA150Angle (degrees)10
Page 53 and 54: 10050Angle (Degrees)0-50-100-150Pit
Page 55 and 56: RF communication systems are easily
Page 57 and 58: The roll profile can be used to det
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 4: Water Skiing Biomechanic
Page 61 and 62: AbstractSix advanced slalom skiers
Page 63 and 64: Recreational and competitive slalom
Page 65 and 66: Table 1: Summary of human participa
Page 67 and 68: Figure 2: Diagram of slalom course
Page 69 and 70: at a rate of 1 Hz (BG-331RGTGT, Mig
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adjusted p-value. (SAS Institue Inc
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Table 3: Summary of completed turns
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Rope load peaks during the cutting
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Peak skier velocity for each turn i
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4 DiscussionThere are several varia
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trend was seen by Runciman (2011) w
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(p=0.2437 and p=0.246). It was expe
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velocity and low peak rope load. In
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improve the accuracy that a coach e
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Chapter 5: Biomechanical Analysis o
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AbstractWater skiing has received l
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ski manufacturers ability to compar
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given about how the effects of the
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tip. The IMU housing was wrapped in
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(roll, acceleration and deceleratio
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decrease. This portion of the turn
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Roll, Ski Acceleration and SkierVel
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Integral of Roll, Peak Roll (degree
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Integral of Roll, Peak Roll (degree
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Integral of Deceleration (m/s 2 *s)
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Figure 12 shows each ski’s overal
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Integral of Acceleration, Peak Acce
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Integral of Acceleration, Peak Acce
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peak velocity is also occurring at
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was not a significant difference be
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The lack of statistical significanc
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Chapter 6 - Conclusion and Future C
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The data, in combination with a sta
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Bachmann, E.R. (2000). Inertial and
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Appendices119
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Load Transducer Output (V)0.80.70.6
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Skiing Background Information6. How
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Section 2 - Follow up surveyPlease
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Appendix C - Ski Survey ResultsThe
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