etude de la qualite des eaux d'un hydrosysteme fluvial ... - LTHE

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3. utilisation de ce modèle pour émettre des suggestions d’aménagements pouvant conduire àune amélioration du systèmeJe tiens à noter le rôle essentiel qu’a joué dans cette étude Nicolas PRIEUR, volontairescientifique international, qui a assuré la coordination locale de ce projet, et notammentl’organisation des campagnes de mesure et le suivi des analyses.
Page 3: THESISFor obtaining the doctorate d
Page 8: 1.2. Construction d’une base de d
Page 11 and 12: étendue pour déterminer la limite
Page 13 and 14: adaptée au modèle proposé. Les v
Page 15: 3.2. Propositions d’aménagement
Page 18 and 19: AcknowledgmentsFirst of all, I woul
Page 21 and 22: IntroductionA great challenge for n
Page 24 and 25: - The adaptation and validation of
Page 26 and 27: 1. The Nhue To-Lich river basins ..
Page 28 and 29: In the east, the Nhue basin is actu
Page 30 and 31: 1.2. Climatology of Hanoi regionThe
Page 32 and 33: Figure 1.1.6: Relative humidity rec
Page 34 and 35: 1.3. Land use of To-Lich and Nhue r
Page 36 and 37: Therefore, in case of flood, water
Page 38 and 39: First of all, the environmental ass
Page 40 and 41: + Study on fish and invertebrate: I
Page 42 and 43: 2.2.2. Sampling frequencyMonthly sa
Page 44 and 45: Mobile equipmentADCP (Rio Grande, U
Page 46 and 47: Beside the monthly campaigns, daily
Page 48 and 49: 2.5.2. Investigation of the tempora
Page 50 and 51: During these campaigns, samples wer
Page 52 and 53: The initial volume and diameter of
Page 54 and 55: At the same time, we have developed
Page 56 and 57:
NH 4 Sisyphe VN1 VN2 NO 3 Sisyphe V
Page 58 and 59:
2.8. Water quality parameters deriv
Page 60 and 61:
nitrifying bacterial biomass (mg C/
Page 62 and 63:
Figure 1.3.1: Discharge and water l
Page 64 and 65:
establish a rating curve. However,
Page 66 and 67:
water time. This assumption is prob
Page 68 and 69:
this formula is applied in our simu
Page 70 and 71:
Figure 1.4.1: Average conductivity
Page 72 and 73:
The decreases of SPM and Turbidity
Page 74 and 75:
Figure 1.4.11: Average N-nutrients
Page 76 and 77:
(figures 1.4.15 and 1.4.16) in whic
Page 78 and 79:
phytoplankton. In invert expression
Page 80 and 81:
Figure 1.4.23: Diurnal variation of
Page 82 and 83:
Figure 1.4.25: Diurnal variation of
Page 84 and 85:
Introduction ......................
Page 86 and 87:
1. State of art in ecological model
Page 88 and 89:
S = [∂x/x]/[∂P/P] (2.1.1)Where
Page 90 and 91:
2. If some parameters can not be fo
Page 92 and 93:
∂c∂t∂c∂c∂c∂ ⎛ ∂c⎞
Page 94 and 95:
its capability in performing sensit
Page 96 and 97:
As represented in the figure 2.1.4,
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algae. In QUAL2, limitations in mod
Page 100 and 101:
fertilisers for agriculture) as wel
Page 102 and 103:
Finally, the performance of paramet
Page 104 and 105:
2. Model construction for the Nhue-
Page 106 and 107:
Figure 2.2.1: Discretization of the
Page 108 and 109:
+ Friction force/roughness valueFro
Page 110 and 111:
Height (m) Width(m) Perimeter (m) C
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transparent. The conducted experime
Page 114 and 115:
CO 2 . Therefore, concentrations of
Page 116 and 117:
+ Heterotrophic growth on nitrateIn
Page 118 and 119:
Hydrolysis rate and half-saturation
Page 120 and 121:
estimation. Therefore, in primary p
Page 122 and 123:
S H2PO4 : concentration of H 2 PO 4
Page 124 and 125:
2.4.2.2. Kinetics of physical excha
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materials and biological activities
Page 128 and 129:
β sed,NO3 : temperature dependant
Page 130 and 131:
The friction factor is calculated f
Page 132 and 133:
step (chemical exchange of PO 4 wit
Page 134 and 135:
HeterotrophgrowthHeterotrophdecayAu
Page 136 and 137:
3. Model application to the Nhue-To
Page 138 and 139:
3.2.1.3. Downstream conditionAs rep
Page 140 and 141:
always measured high. Since the pre
Page 142 and 143:
Figure 2.3.5: Average monthly measu
Page 144 and 145:
However, depending on the objective
Page 146 and 147:
No Variable δ msqr No Variable δ
Page 148 and 149:
total 15 parameters that are the sa
Page 150 and 151:
Parameter unit range prior post Par
Page 152 and 153:
Figure 2.3.16: Average monthly meas
Page 154 and 155:
3.6.1.2. Lateral inflowSimilar to t
Page 156 and 157:
The estimation of organic matter po
Page 158 and 159:
Figure 2.3.24: Experimental and sim
Page 160 and 161:
Although the modelling area is rest
Page 162 and 163:
Monitoring stations provide water t
Page 164 and 165:
4.4. Initial and boundary condition
Page 166 and 167:
4.4.2. Initial and boundary conditi
Page 168 and 169:
Before any simulation attempt, it s
Page 170 and 171:
Figure 2.4.23: Simulated and measur
Page 172 and 173:
Apparently, we found that except th
Page 174 and 175:
In general, the p-values of the pos
Page 176 and 177:
Figure 2.4.33: Monitored temperatur
Page 178 and 179:
Since natural water regime in monit
Page 180 and 181:
Figure 2.4.41: Boundary condition o
Page 182 and 183:
Figure 2.4.49: Simulated and measur
Page 184 and 185:
What we learnt from the simulation
Page 186 and 187:
166
Page 188 and 189:
Introduction ......................
Page 190 and 191:
1. Main characteristics of the Nhue
Page 192 and 193:
it does not impressively indicate w
Page 194 and 195:
Figure 3.1.7: SOD fraction over tot
Page 196 and 197:
similar calculation of the river Se
Page 198 and 199:
Secondly, as seen from the figures
Page 200 and 201:
Apparently nitrification influences
Page 202 and 203:
a number of between - 0.28 and +0.5
Page 204 and 205:
NH 4 at three different temperature
Page 206 and 207:
Figure 3.2.2: Percentage of river s
Page 208 and 209:
Figure 3.2.4: Variation of the conc
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50, 100 and 150% of the calibrated
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m 3 /s) to extreme high (70 m 3 /s)
Page 214 and 215:
2.2.2.1. Effect of rainwater to eff
Page 216 and 217:
Figure 3.2.15: DO at NT2 in differe
Page 218 and 219:
Figure 3.2.19: DO at NT2 with and w
Page 220 and 221:
In general, water quality change ta
Page 222 and 223:
dam, the backwater can be prevented
Page 224 and 225:
From ecological point of view, seas
Page 226 and 227:
Finally, we would like to upgrade t
Page 228 and 229:
Filtration is done using membrane w
Page 230 and 231:
countable colony. Number of heterot
Page 232 and 233:
5. Major elements and trace metals-
Page 234 and 235:
PAHs and insecticides are analyzed
Page 236 and 237:
BPOC = f BPOC *f POC *DOCIPOC = f P
Page 238 and 239:
3. Annex 3: Sensitivity functions,
Page 240 and 241:
- With AQUASIM, it is difficult to
Page 242 and 243:
Plot of s j , j = 1, 2,.., k, again
Page 244 and 245:
eal list variables with the argumen
Page 246 and 247:
5. Annex 5: Mathematics of hydrauli
Page 248 and 249:
⎛q⎞∧ ⎜⎟⎜1+sign(q)1−si
Page 250:
Subs. ValueUnitheterotrophic decayS
Page 253 and 254:
7. Annex 7: Exchange rates of disso
Page 255:
The diffusion coefficient of carbon
Page 258 and 259:
expressed below. The Quasi-Newton f
Page 260 and 261:
Based on the above conclusion, K se
Page 262 and 263:
9. Annex 9: Calculation of lateral
Page 264 and 265:
Parameter Conductivity at N1 (µS/c
Page 266 and 267:
Name Value Range Unit Name Value Ra
Page 268 and 269:
We have carried out an extra work t
Page 270 and 271:
No Parameter δ msqr No Parameter
Page 272 and 273:
1) Selected parameters are kinetic
Page 274 and 275:
Biggs, B. J. F. (1995) The contribu
Page 276 and 277:
EPA (2000) Nutrient Criteria Techni
Page 278 and 279:
Jorgensen, S.E. (1995) State of the
Page 280 and 281:
Nelder, J. and Mead, R. (1965) A si
Page 282 and 283:
Ronald M. (1995) Atlas, Handbook of
Page 284 and 285:
US EPA, Ambrose R.B. Jr., Wool T.A.
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etude de la qualite des eaux d'un hydrosysteme fluvial ... - LTHE

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