Al-Hajj Al-Mabroor

As for the Zakâh (obligatory charity), Allah has restricted its time
and amount but has not restricted its place. For instance, Zakatul-
Fitr [The Zakah of Fast-breaking, which is a certain amount of wheat,
flour, fruits, barely or money to be paid to the poor at the end of
Ramadan but before the Eid (Feast) Prayer] should be paid at the end
of Ramadan, whereas the Zakâh upon crops and fruits should be
paid at harvest time, when the crops are still in the field and have
not yet been transmitted for storage as verified by the Qur’anic
Statement of The Most Exalted, saying (what means):
“And it is He Who produces gardens trellised and untrellised,
and datepalms, and crops of different shape and taste (its fruits
and its seeds) and olives, and pomegranates, similar (in kind)
and different (in taste). Eat of their fruit when they ripen, but
pay the due thereof (its Zakât, according to Allâh's Orders 1/10th
or 1/20th) on the day of its harvest, and waste not by
extravagance. Verily, He likes not Al-Musrifûn (those who waste
by extravagance).” (Al-An‘âm, 6: 141)
As for the Zakâh upon money, it should be paid upon the money
that reached the Nisâb [Minimum amount of property liable to the
payment of the Zakâh] from year-end to year-end, meaning after the
passage of a whole year on its acquisition; besides other types of
the Zakâh that are restricted by time but unrestricted by place,
because you have to pay the Zakâh wherever you are,
unconditioned by any land or country.
As for Hajj, it differs from the rest of the acts of worship for being
restricted by both time and place. You cannot perform Hajj while
at home or in your country, but you have to go on a pilgrimage to
the Sacred House of Allah in Mecca. Also, on the Day of ‘Arafah
you cannot stand anywhere, but you have to go to ‘Arafah [The area
that surrounds Mount Rahmah, southeast of Mecca] on the ninth of
Dhu’l–Hijjah [The 12th month of the year in the Muslim calendar] and
stand at the specified place for standing, not to overstep it.
www.islambasics.com 12