ICCS 2009 Technical Report - IEA

Figure 12.24 shows the results of the confirmatory factory analysis for this item set. The onefactorsolution had an acceptable model fit, but there was some variation in the strength offactor loadings across the six items.Figure 12.24: Confirmatory factor analysis of items measuring students’ attitudes toward learning EuropeanlanguagesES2P07A0.401.00EUATLANG0.770.840.820.680.690.73ES2P07BES2P07CES2P07D0.290.330.54ES2P07E0.53RMSEA 0.065NNFI 0.93CFI 0.96ES2P07F 0.46Students’ attitudes toward migration within EuropeThe three scales that were derived from questions regarding students’ attitudes towardmigration within Europe and that are included in the European ICCS student database are asfollows. The scales’ reliabilities are reported in Table 12.40.• Students’ attitudes toward freedom of migration within Europe (EUMOVE);• Students’ attitudes toward restricting migration within Europe (EURESTR);• Students’ attitudes toward equal opportunities for other European citizens (EUCITOPP).Question 8 of the European regional student questionnaire asked students to indicate theirlevel of agreement (“strongly agree,” “agree,” “disagree,” “strongly disagree”) with a range ofstatements about citizens of European countries travelling in Europe or moving to live inanother European country. Four of the statements concerned freedom of individuals to liveand work in their choice of European countries. These were used to construct the scale students’attitudes toward freedom of migration within Europe (EUMOVE). The higher scores on the EUMOVEscale correspond to more positive attitudes toward freedom of movement within Europe. Thescale reliability was 0.63 for the pooled ICCS sample, and the national reliabilities ranged from0.51 to 0.71 (see Table 12.46). Table 12.47 shows the item parameters used for scaling.Five items in Question 8 contained statements in favor of restricting freedom of movementwithin European countries. These were used to derive the scale students’ attitudes toward restrictingmigration within Europe (EURESTR). Higher scores on this scale indicate favorable attitudestoward restricting migration within Europe. The scale reliability was 0.68 for the Europeansample; national reliabilities ranged from 0.59 to 0.74 (see Table 12.46). The item parametersused for scaling are shown in Table 12.47.Question 9 contained a series of statements about the opportunities that citizens of Europeancountries should have in the country where the survey was undertaken. Students were askedto state their level of agreement (“strongly agree,” “agree,” “disagree,” or “strongly disagree”)with each statement. The five items associated with the question were used to derive a scalereflecting students’ attitudes toward equal opportunities for other European citizens (EUCITOPP). The232ICCS 2009 technical report