Women in NSW 2012 - The Workplace Gender Equality Agency

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PopulationstructurePopulation ageing in Australia, asin most developed countries, is aresult of sustained low fertility andincreasing life expectancy. Figure1.2 shows the distribution of theNSW female population in 1961and 2011. Over the past 50 yearsthere has been a marked decreasein the proportion of the populationin the younger age groups, and acorresponding increase in the olderage groups.In 1961, there were proportionatelyless women in the younger agegroups (and more in the older agegroups) relative to NSW men. By2011, NSW men had caught upwith NSW women in the uppermiddle age groups (Figure 1.3).Population ageing is also evidentwhen looking at median age,even over a longer time period.Median age refers to the age atwhich approximately one-half ofthe population is older and half isyounger. The median age of NSWwomen increased from 29 years in1971, to 38 years in 2011, a gain of9 years in four decades, and nearly2 years older than the median ageof men 5 .NSW women today also have alonger life expectancy than men,though this is changing. Althoughfemales can still expect to live longerthan males, the difference betweenthe sexes is decreasing. In NSW in2007, female life expectancy was4.6 years higher than for males.This compares with a differenceof 6.8 years in 1972 6 .In 2009, around 19 percent ofwomen and men reported adisability. Women were more likelythan men to report a profound orsevere core activity limitation thanmen (6.7 percent of women asopposed to 5.2 percent of men) 7 .Figure 1.2Population distribution, NSW women by age, 1961 and 2011Age group (yrs)85+75-8465-7455-6445-5435-4425-3415-245-140-420 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20Percentage (%)NSW women 1961 NSW women 2011Population: All NSW women.Source: ABS (2010) Population by Age and Sex, Regions of Australia, 2010, Cat no.3105.0.Figure 1.3Population distribution, NSW, by sex, 1961 and 2011Percentage (%)201816141210864200-45-1415-2425-3435-4445-54Population age55-6465-7475-84NSW women 1961 NSW women 2011 NSW men 1961 NSW men 2011Population: All NSW women.Source: ABS (2010) Population by Age and Sex, Regions of Australia, 2010, Cat no.3105.0.85+5 ABS (2008) Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2008, Cat no. 3105.0.65.001.6 ABS mortality data and population estimates (Health Outcome Information Statistical Toolkit – HOIST). Centre for Epidemiology and Research, NSW Ministry of Health.7 ABS (2012) Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers 2009; Cat no. 4430.0. Core activities for the purpose of the survey are communication, mobility and self-care.8 WOMEN IN NSW 2012 | A PROFILE OF NSW WOMEN
Fertility and birthsSince the baby boom in the 1950s,women across Australia have beenhaving fewer and later births. NSWwomen registered higher fertilitythan the national average duringthe mid-1980s. The birth ratethen gradually slowed down to alow point of 1.76 births per 1,000women in 2001, but subsequentlyincreased slightly to 1.87 births per1,000 women by 2010 (Figure 1.4).The total fertility rate remainsbelow the replacement level of 2.1,which is the number of childreneach woman would need toreplace herself and her partner.However, net overseas migration issupplementing natural populationgrowth. In NSW, net overseasmigration (the net gain or loss ofpeople as a result of emigrationand immigration) has been themain driver of population growth inrecent years, accounting for overtwo-thirds of the state’s populationgrowth in the five years to 2010 8 .Aboriginal Australian women, both inNSW and Australia-wide, have muchhigher fertility rates at 2.20 birthsfor NSW Aboriginal women and2.58 births for Aboriginal womenacross Australia in 2010 (Figure1.4). While Aboriginal people formhigh proportions of the populationsof remote and very remote regionsof NSW, the greater proportionwithin NSW live in major cities andinner and outer regional areas 9 . Thegreater urbanisation among NSWAboriginal women may account fortheir lower fertility rate, compared toAustralian Aboriginal women.Declining fertility over the pastdecades is one of the many changesin social patterns that have occurred,including increased participationin the labour force by women, andwomen having more options for bothworking and parenting.The median age of NSW mothersfor first births increased from 28.4years in 1994 to 29.2 years in 2010.Figure 1.4Fertility, all women and Aboriginal women, 1971 to 2010Births per 1,000 women3.02.752.52.252.01.751.5197119741977198019831986Of total births in NSW in 2010,almost one in four (24 percent) wereto women aged 35 years and over(Figure 1.5), while the correspondingproportion for all Australian womenwas slightly lower at 23 percent.Meanwhile, teenage births in NSWhave declined as a proportion ofthe total from close to 5 percentin 1998 to 3 percent in 2010.198919921995199820012004NSW NSW Aboriginal Australia Australian AboriginalNote: Total fertility is the sum of age-specific fertility rates (live births at each age of mother per female population of that age). Itrepresents the number of children a female would bear during her lifetime if she experienced current age-specific fertility rates ateach age of her reproductive life.Source: ABS (2008) Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2008, Cat no. 3105.0.65.001 (for 1971 to 2006); ABS (2011)Births Australia 2010, Cat no. 3301.0 (for 2000 to 2010).Figure 1.5Teenage births and births to mothers 35 years and over, NSW, 1998 to 2010Percentage of total births (%)2623201714118521998199920002001200220032004200535 years and over Teenage birthsNote: Total fertility is the sum of age-specific fertility rates (live births at each age of mother per female population of that age). Itrepresents the number of children a woman would bear during her lifetime if she experienced current age-specific fertility ratesat each age of her reproductive life.Source: ABS (2010) Australian Social Trends, Family and Community, 2010, Cat no. 4102.0.20062007200820092007This proportion is lower than thatfor Australian women overall at4 percent, with the gap wideningover the past decade.The fertility rate for 15 to 19 yearold women is now 12.9 perthousand, compared to 16.9 perthousand in 2000.201020108 ABS (2012) State and Territory Statistical Indicators, Cat no. 1367.0 .9 Aboriginal Affairs NSW (2009), Two Ways Together: Report on Indicators 2009, p. 20.WOMEN IN NSW 2012 | A PROFILE OF NSW WOMEN9
Page 3: Minister’s forewordIt gives me gr
Page 6 and 7: List of figures and tablesFiguresFi
Page 8: Executive summaryIntroductionThis r
Page 11 and 12: How doesNSW compare?Not surprisingl
Page 13 and 14: The NSWGovernment’scommitmentto w
Page 15 and 16: Data sourcesThe report seeks to bri
Page 17 and 18: Key findingsAs at June 2011, there
Page 19: Figure 1.1Spatial distributions of
Page 23 and 24: Fewer NSW families today havechildr
Page 25 and 26: Health andwellbeingWomen and men ha
Page 27 and 28: Current levelsand trendsThis sectio
Page 29 and 30: 1.3 Work-related injuries and disea
Page 31 and 32: 1.4 Leading causes of deathCurrent
Page 33 and 34: Focus on chlamydia- an increasingly
Page 35 and 36: 2.2 Intentional self-harmRates of h
Page 37 and 38: 3.2 Women taking part in screening
Page 39 and 40: 4.2 SmokingCurrent smoking - people
Page 41 and 42: 4.4 Overweight and obesityRate of o
Page 43 and 44: 4.6 BreastfeedingRate of breastfeed
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.4Aboriginal women’s healt
Page 47 and 48: Educationand learningWell-educated
Page 49 and 50: Current levelsand trendsThis sectio
Page 51 and 52: Table 3.1Science, technology, engin
Page 53 and 54: Figure 3.3Women participating in VE
Page 55 and 56: Topic 3: Apprenticeships and traine
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 Women’s participation in trad
Page 59 and 60: Topic 4:Higher educationIn Australi
Page 61 and 62: 4.2 Postgraduate studentsPostgradua
Page 63 and 64: 4.3 Undergraduate field of educatio
Page 65 and 66: Undergraduate STEM enrolments, NSW,
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.12Women and men working in
Page 69 and 70: 6.2 Participation in adult and comm
Page 71 and 72:
Work andfinancial securityAccess to
Page 73 and 74:
Current levelsand trendsThis sectio
Page 75 and 76:
Table 4.1Labour force participation
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Table 4.4Female unemployment by Syd
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Topic 2: Workforce securityAnother
Page 81 and 82:
3.1 Time spent in unpaid household
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4.1 Occupational segregation contin
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Table 4.7Women’s industry represe
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Table 4.8Occupational subgroups wit
Page 89 and 90:
5.2 Average total hourly earningsAv
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Focus on payOn average, men earn mo
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Topic 6:Financial securityTopic 6 a
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Figure 4.10Spatial variation of sup
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6.4 Commonwealth Rent Assistance an
Page 99 and 100:
How doesNSW compare?The ABS publish
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Leadership andrepresentationThis ch
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Current levelsand trendsThis sectio
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1.2 Elected representativesCurrent
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Figure 5.3Women candidates and elec
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Topic 3:Leadership in thecorporate
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Marital statusWhat more can we lear
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4.1 Judges, barristers, partners an
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Topic 5:Leadership in artsand recre
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How doesNSW compare?The ABS publish
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Safety andaccess to justiceThe majo
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Current levelsand trendsThe followi
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1.2 Sexual assaults against women c
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Topic 2: Safety inthe communityAs i
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Table 6.2Victims of personal violen
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3.1 Satisfaction with safety of pub
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3.2 Frequency of walking and cyclin
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4.1 Rate of reporting personal crim
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Figure 6.5The progress of sexual of
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4.3 Apprehended Domestic Violence O
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Apprehended Domestic Violence Order
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Women in NSW 2012 introducesa wealt
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Topic Key series Population Latest
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363738Topic Key series Population L
Page 147 and 148:
New South Wales Government (2008) M
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Women in NSW 2012 - The Workplace Gender Equality Agency

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