KARNATAKA - of Planning Commission

Literacy and Educationdo not have teachers and 19 per cent functionwith single teachers (Seventh All-India SchoolEducation Survey, Provisional Statistics, 2002).The percentage of girls’ and boys’ enrolmentin secondary education in the state still showsmarked differentials (boys: 6,86,893 andBOX 5.2Monitorable targets in the TenthFive Year Plan of India1. All children in school by 2003.2. All children to complete 5 years of schoolingby 2007.3. Reduction in gender gap in literacy by atleast 50 per cent by 2007.4. Increase in literacy rate to 75 per cent within2002-03 to 2006-07.Source: Planning Commission, Government of India.girls: 5,97,244 in 2003-04) despite a steadyimprovement over the years. The quality ofinstruction and instructional material will have toimprove considerably to ensure better retentionof students.As noted in chapter 3, from 1990-91 to 2002-03,the largest allocation of public educationexpenditure went to general education, andprimary and secondary education withingeneral education, a pattern which refl ects thegovernment’s priorities. Despite this, the shareof primary and secondary education in thestate income and in the education budget hasbeen more or less static. The combined publicexpenditure ratio (PER) and the social allocationratio (SAR) for primary and secondary educationhas straggled along at around 2.4 per cent and13.3 per cent for over 12 years. While the stategovernment has, quite rightly, prioritised primaryBOX 5.3Selected social indicators with reference to the Tenth Plan targets andMillennium Development Goals – KarnatakaIndicator Year Rural UrbanMale Female All Male Female AllLiteracySchool attendanceGender gap inliteracyHead count ratio ofpoverty1991 60.3 34.8 47.7 82.0 65.7 74.22001 70.5 48.0 59.3 86.7 74.1 80.61993-94 73 62.3 67.8 86.1 84 851999-2000 77.7 72.6 75.1 87.4 88.4 88.21991 -25.5 -16.32001 -22.5 -12.61993-94 22 361999-2000 19.1 27.11991 87 47 (77)Infant mortality rate2004 64 24 (52)Sources:1. Head count ratio based on calculation of poverty estimates by Sen and Himanshu (2004).2. Sarvekshana (1997) for school attendance rates for 1993-94.3. School attendance rates for 1999-2000 were calculated by Himanshu (2004) using unit level NSSO data.4. Himanshu (2004), School attendance rates for different states of India: Estimates based on unit level data from the 55th Roundof Employment-Unemployment Survey, CESP, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.5. Literacy Rate: Census 1991 and 2001.6. Infant Mortality Rate: SRS 2004 (fi gures in brackets indicate state average).98