KARNATAKA - of Planning Commission

Financing Human DevelopmentTABLE 3.2.4Pattern of allocation and annual growth of expenditure on generaleducation: 1990-91 to 2002-03(Per cent)Year Revenue expenditure Capital expenditurePlan Non-plan Total Plan Non-plan Total1990-91Allocation 97.69 97.09 97.15 86.67 0.00 86.67Annual growth 64.62 6.95 11.00 -32.21 0.00 6.871998-99Allocation 94.09 97.96 97.34 73.55 0.00 73.35Annual growth 27.62 16.80 18.33 -28.86 0.00 16.632002-03Allocation 98.73 97.29 97.49 96.95 0.00 96.98Annual growth -32.54 10.49 1.29 52.02 0.00 10.53Note: Allocation as a percentage of total expenditure in the Education Department.Source: Computed by using the basic data of various issues of budget papers, GoK.TABLE 3.2.5Intra-sectoral allocation in general education: 1990-91 to 2002-03(Per cent)Year1990-911998-992002-031990-911998-992002-031990-911998-992002-031990-911998-992002-031990-911998-992002-03AllocationRevenue expenditureCapital expenditurePlan Non-plan Total Plan Non-plan TotalElementary education42.2265.8272.9831.7721.1814.613.544.452.211.420.930.320.427.269.5755.0751.3249.4828.933.933.7453.7353.5452.82Secondary education29.2031.9631.010.930.000.0041.4250.6438.09University and higher education14.8814.0515.980.060.130.130.670.120.1914.7412.5814.02Adult education1.240.260.16General education0.641.211.5257.6549.3661.910.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.930.000.0041.4250.6438.0957.6549.3661.910.000.000.000.000.000.00Language development1990-91 0.63 0.42 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.001998-99 0.36 0.47 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.002002-03 0.33 0.49 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00Source: Computed using basic data from various issues of budget papers, GoK.construction of primary school buildings andclassrooms, construction of toilets and provisionof drinking water facility, supply of free text booksand uniforms, and the midday meal programme.Thus, a major part of plan expenditure is directedat improvements in infrastructure and providingincentives for students to reduce dropout ratein government primary schools. Since planexpenditure represents new policy initiatives, thissuggests that Karnataka has prioritised spendingon education in recent years.Expenditure within the EducationDepartmentThe total expenditure of the Education Departmentis the total expenditure on general and technicaleducation (medical and agricultural educationare not included in this sector). Expenditure ongeneral education is divided among six majorheads: primary/elementary education, secondaryeducation, university and higher education,adult education, language development andgeneral education. The patterns and annual growthof expenditure on these major heads are describedbelow for select years from 1990-91 to 2002-03.It is apparent that, of the total expenditure inthe Education Department, about 97 per cent oftotal revenue expenditure is allocated to generaleducation (Table 3.2.4). Of the total plan revenueexpenditure; the share of general educationhas varied from about 98 per cent in 1990-91to 94 per cent in 1998-99 and 99 per cent in2002-03. On the other hand, all capitalexpenditures incurred have been plan expenditures.Capital expenditure on general education variesfrom about 87 per cent in 1990-91 to 74 per centin 1998-99 and 97 per cent in 2002-03.The annual growth (percentage) of expenditureon general education – both plan and non-plan– reveals that there are large variations in annualgrowth in plan expenditure in both revenue andcapital accounts. For instance, the annual growthof revenue expenditure ranges from 64.62 percent in 1990-91 to 27.62 per cent in 1998-99and -32.54 per cent in 2002-03. The annualgrowth of capital expenditure varies from -32.21per cent in 1990-91 to -28.86 per cent in 1998-54