KARNATAKA - of Planning Commission

Karnataka Human Development Report 200557.2 per cent. By and large, the towns of northKarnataka have inadequate latrine facilities.Water supply and sanitation in urbanslumsUrban slums have high concentrations of poorpeople living in very basic conditions in the middleof affl uence. Table 7.9 gives the distribution ofthe main source of drinking water supply innotifi ed and non-notifi ed slums in Karnataka, incomparison with the all-India average.As this table indicates, Karnataka’s performanceis better than the national average in terms ofaccess to water from a relatively effi cient sourcenamely taps. Further, only 28 per cent slums inKarnataka are water-logged during monsoon(in both notifi ed and non-notifi ed slums) ascompared to the national average of 36 percent for notifi ed slums and 54 per cent for nonnotified slums. This, again, shows that Karnatakaperforms better than the national average interms of drainage facilities. However, 66 per centof notifi ed slums in Karnataka have no latrines asagainst the national average of 17 per cent. Thegap for non-notifi ed slums between Karnatakaand the national average appears to be less withKarnataka recording 53 per cent against theIndian average of 51 per cent. Similarly, only23 per cent of notifi ed slums in Karnataka haveunder ground drainage (UGD) facilities as againstthe national average of 30 per cent. However, 24per cent of non-notifi ed slums in Karnataka haveUGD coverage as against the national average of15 per cent.Financing water and sanitationThe plan and non-plan allocation by the governmentfor water and sanitation 4 as a ratio of the state’sGDP is presented in Table 7.10.Financing patterns prescribed for category of urbanlocal bodies (ULBs) comprise contributions fromGovernment of Karnataka, ULBs and loans fromfunding agencies. Since the government guaranteesthe loans, loan service obligations are met out of4Includes allocation towards rural sector.TABLE 7.9Distribution of main source of drinking water in urban slums(Per cent)Notified slumsNon-notified slumsTap Tube well Well Others Tap Tube well Well OthersKarnataka 89 11 0 0 77 16 0 8All-India 84 10 2 0 71 22 2 5Source: NSS 58th round on ‘Conditions of Urban Slums – 2002’ Government of India, December 2003.funds released by government out of SFC grants.The low allocation to the urban sector and lack oftimely availability of funds have partly contributedto the sub-optimal service delivery of water andsanitation services. The rural sector is slightly betterserved in terms of fund fl ows. The Karnataka UrbanWater Supply and Drainage Board (KUWSDB)estimates that Rs.4,79,699 lakh (approximatelyUS$ 1 billion) is required to enable ULBs to conformto minimum design standards. In sum, Karnatakahas done well in the rural sector as far as drinkingwater supply is concerned, but there are challengesin the path to reaching accepted norms across alldistricts. The biggest challenges are in the urbansector, where complex issues of tariffs have to befaced.YearThe low allocation to theurban sector and lackof timely availabilityof funds have partlycontributed to the suboptimalservice deliveryof water and sanitationservices. The rural sectoris slightly better served interms of fund flows.TABLE 7.10Plan and non-plan allocation of funds for water sectorPlanallocation*Non-planallocation*Net State DomesticProduct (SDP) #(Rs. lakh)Percentage of totalallocation to SDP1996-97 23800 1600 4473655 0.561997-98 30200 1400 4751682 0.661998-99 26600 1600 5396093 0.521999-2000 34600 1500 5654327 0.632000-01 28200 600 6258100 0.462001-02 28300 (RE) 793 (RE) 6298200 0.462002-03 24100 (BE) 658 (BE) 6741800 0.37Sources:1. *: Finance Department, Karnataka.2. # Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Karnataka.Notes:RE: Revised Estimate.BE: Budget Estimate.QE: Quick Estimate.167