2012 Activity and sustainable development report - RTE

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THE REGIONAL ENERGYBALANCECONTRACTUAL CROSS-BORDEREXCHANGESSome regions, such as Burgundy, Brittany, Franche-Comté and Île-de-France, have consumption that is fi ve timesgreater than their production. Others, such as the Centre, Lorraine,Champagne-Ardenne and Upper Normandy, produce twiceas much as they consume. The transmission network makes itpossible to even out contrasting regional energy balances byrouting electricity wherever demand dictates, which is equivalentto a pooling of production facilities.PRODUCTION RELATIVE TO CONSUMPTIONin the French regions in 2011123465Production more thandouble consumptionProduction between120% and 200%of consumptionProduction equivalentto consumptionProduction between20% and 100%of consumptionProduction lessthan 20%of consumptionChange in P/C ratiofrom 2006 to 2011RisingStableFalling1. United Kingdom8.4 - 1.92. Belgium13.9 - 1.9Exports in TWhImports in TWh3. Germany5.2 - 13.94. Switzerland24.5 - 75. Italy15.7 - 0.66. Spain5.8 - 4.0Total France73.5 - 29.3+ 44.2%France is the largestexporter in WesternEurope. It is in surplusover all its neighboursexcept Germany, but thebalance is falling.+ 63%The number of changesof direction of the flow fromhour to hour has risen from673 to 1,094 in four years.This underlines the partplayed by interconnectionsin taking full advantageof renewable energies.CONTRACTUAL CROSS-BORDER EXCHANGESchanges 2008-2012TWH 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Export 81.4 68.2 66.6 75.4 73.5Import 34.8 43.5 37.1 19.7 29.3Combined 116.2 111.7 103.7 95.1 102.8Balance + 46.6 + 24.7 + 29.5 + 55.7 + 44.276
2012 IN FIGURESCOMMERCIAL CONTRACTSMarket prices in the EuropeanCentral-West region (France, Germany,Benelux) converged 46% of the time,as compared to 66% in 2011 and 72%in 2010. The most marked divergencesoccurred during episodes of coldweather in France and peaks of windproduction in Germany. They underlinethe need to strengthen interconnectionsbetween France and Germany,which are saturated more than 35%of the time.A secondary market for interconnectioncapacity, introduced in 2007,supplements the coupling of marketsand mechanisms by assigning capacityin the form of explicit auctions. Theclients of the transmission systemoperators can therefore transfer annualor monthly capacities acrossthe German, Belgian, Italian, Spanish andSwiss borders or request the transmissionsystem operators to sell all or part ofthese capacities at daily and monthlyauctions. In 2012, 76 players benefi tedfrom sales and 15 sellers and 12 buyerstransferred capacities acquired.AS OF 31 DECEMBER 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Access to international connectionsNumber of membership contracts under the rulesfor access to the public network118 117 115 114 122Number of import transactions 534 677 713 701 767Number of export transactions 546 691 698 679 849BalanceNumber of balance responsible entities 1 145 145 160 160 166Number of block exchange notifi cations 2,115 2,263 2,322 2,360 2,424Energy amount exchanges between balance responsible entities (in TWh) 282 292 307 325 328BalanceNumber of balance players 2 38 39 37 40 45Amount of energy activated upwards by RTE (in TWh) 2.9 4.0 5.1 3.5 3.3Amount of energy activated downwards by RTE (in TWh) 4.0 4.1 3.7 3.9 4.71. A balance responsible entity commits to RTE to pay the cost of differences subsequently assessed between injections and extractions of electricity that have been carried outby one or more users of the network within its scope. 2. A balance player informs RTE of the technical and financial conditions according to which RTE can modify its programmesof production, consumption or trade, in order to ensure a balance of flows on the network at all times.RTE | IN LINE WITH THE FUTURE77
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ACTIVITY ANDSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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PROFILERTE transports electricity b
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MOVING TOWARDS ENERGY TRANSITIONThe
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MOVING TOWARDS ENERGY TRANSITIONWHA
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UNE RTE ORGANISATION CHANGING REPEN
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INTERVIEW WITH DOMINIQUE MAILLARDDo
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INTERVIEW WITH DOMINIQUE MAILLARD
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THE WORLD IS CHANGING, G, SO IS RTE
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A NEW-LOOK ORGANISATIONA NEW- LOOKO
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A NEW-LOOK ORGANISATIONAt the centr
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A NEW-LOOK ORGANISATIONOperating a
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2012 Activity and sustainable development report - RTE

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