Clinical Trials

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❘❙❚■ Chapter 30 | Missing DataFigure 2. Mean response over visit (full dataset: Dataset I).190 Group AGroup B180Mean response1701601501 2 3 4VisitDatasets with missing valuesWe derived a second dataset (Dataset II) from observations that were MCAR bygiving each participant a 20% chance of dropping out of the study before thesecond visit (irrespective of response and treatment group). Participants attendingfor the second visit were given a 20% chance of dropping out before the third visit,and participants attending for the third visit were given a 20% chance of droppingout before the final visit.Dataset III is an MAR scenario. All participants with an observed value >150 unitsat the first visit were continued to the second visit, whilst all participants with anobserved value
<strong>Clinical</strong> <strong>Trials</strong>: A Practical Guide ■❚❙❘Table 1. Four simulated datasets with different types of missing data.Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4Group Group Group GroupA B A B A B A BDataset I: no missing dataN 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Mean 149.6 160.2 159.8 170.1 169.8 180.0 179.5 190.0SD 14.2 14.4 14.2 14.2 14.0 14.1 14.3 14.1Dataset II: missing completely at random (MCAR)N 2000 2000 1624 1559 1320 1242 1037 971Missing 0 0 376 441 680 758 963 1029Mean 149.6 160.2 159.9 170.3 169.8 180.2 179.7 190.4SD 14.2 14.4 14.2 14.3 13.9 14.2 14.0 13.9Dataset III: missing at random (MAR)N 2000 2000 1385 1701 1025 1494 795 1395Missing 0 0 615 299 975 506 1205 605Mean 149.6 160.1 162.2 171.7 174.3 182.9 186.1 193.5SD 14.2 14.4 14.0 13.7 13.3 13.3 13.8 13.2Dataset IV: missing not at random (MNAR)N 2000 2000 992 1520 662 1262 473 1110Missing 0 0 1008 480 1338 738 1527 890Mean 149.6 160.1 171.3 175.9 182.1 186.8 193.8 197.5SD 14.2 14.4 18.5 10.4 9.0 10.5 9.6 10.4observed value
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❘❙❚■ ContributorsStephen L
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Clinical Trials: A Practical Guide
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 1RandomizedC
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❘❙❚■ Chapter 2 | Uncontroll
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 3Protocol De
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 4EndpointsAm
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 5Patient Sel
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 6Source and
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■■❚❙❘Part IIAlternativeTr
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❘❙❚■ Chapter 10 | Crossover
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❘❙❚■ Chapter 11 | Factorial
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❘❙❚■ Chapter 16 | Multicent
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■■❚❙❘Part IIIBasics ofSta
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 17Types of D
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 18Significan
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 19Comparison
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 20Comparison
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 21Analysis o
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■■❚❙❘Part IVSpecial Trial
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 22Intention-
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 23Subgroup A
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 24Regression
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 25Adjustment
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 36Use of Fig
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 37Critical A
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■■❚❙❘Chapter 38Meta-Analy
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■■❚❙❘GlossaryGlossary453
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■■❚❙❘IndexIndex467
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