Obesity Epidemiology

468 EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OF DETERMINANTS OF OBESITYTable 22.3 continuedAuthors (Year)StudyDesign,Subjects Genes Dietary Factors Major FindingsRobitaille(2007) 32 Populationbased, 351nondiabeticsubjectsSantos(2006) 39 Case-onlystudy,549 obesewomenCorella(2007) 33 Populationbased, 1703men and1207 womenVaccaro(2007) 37 Crosssectional,342 diabeticsSong (2007) 38Cross-sectional,285nondiabeticJapanesemenCPT1 Fat intake Fat intake (34.4% of energy ascutoff) significantly modifiedthe relations between the531 Glu/Lys variant andbody weight, BMI, and waistcircumference26 genes and42 SNPsFiber, P:S ratio,and fat intakeSignificant interactions werefound between LIPC –514C > Tand fiber, ADIPOQ –11377 andPPARG3 –681C > G and fatintake in relation to obesity, butnot for other variantsAPOA5 Fat intake BMI increased as fat intakeincreased only among subjectswith the –1131TT genotype.–1131C carriers had a lowerrisk of obesity and overweightcompared to those with the TTgenotype only when fat intakewas high but not when it was lowPPARG2IL6RTotal energyintakeTotal energyintakeBMI was similar in 12A carriersand noncarriers in the lowerquartile of energy intake butsignificantly higher in A carriersin the upper quartile. Relativeto noncarriers, A carriers had asignificantly lower energy intakeper kg body weightAn association between waistcircumference and energy intakewas observed among 358Dcarriers but not among subjectshomozygous for the 358A allelesignificant trend was detected between dietary fat intake and BMI. While there was noassociation between intake of monounsaturated fat and BMI among women homozygousfor the P allele, an inverse association was observed among carriers of the A allele (P forinteraction = .003). Similar interactions were found between dietary fat intake and thegenotype for weight gain since age 18.In a second study, Robitaille et al. 26 investigated whether dietary fat interacted withthe PPARG2 P12A polymorphism to influence BMI and waist circumference in a cohortof 720 adults participating in the Quebec Family Study. Significant interactions betweentotal fat and saturated fat intake and PPARG2 genotype were observed for BMI, waist