Analysis of Aβ Interactions 85 9. Harper, J.D., Wong, S.S., Lieber, C.M. and Lansbury, P.T. (1997) Observation of metastable Abeta amyloid protofibrils by atomic force microscopy. Chem. Biol. 4, 119–125. 10. Relini, A., Torrassa, S., Rolandi, R., et al. (2004). Monitoring the process of HypF fibrillization and liposome permeabilization by protofibrils. J. Mol. Biol. 338, 943–957. 11. Hartley, D.M., Walsh, D.M., Ye, C.P., et al. (1999) Protofibrillar intermediates of amyloid beta-protein induce acute electrophysiological changes and progressive neurotoxicity in cortical neurons.J.Neurosci. 19, 8876–8884. 12. Behl, C., Davis, J.B., Lesley, R. and Schubert, D. (1994) Hydrogen peroxide mediates amyloid beta protein toxicity. Cell 77, 817–827. 13. Ambroggio, E.E., Kim, D.H., Separovic, F., et al. (2005) Surface behavior and lipid interaction of Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide 1–42: a membrane-disrupting peptide. Biophys. J. 88, 2706–2713. 14. Mattson, M.P., Cheng, B., Davis, D., Bryant, K., Lieberburg, I. and Rydel, R.E. (1992) beta-Amyloid peptides destabilize calcium homeostasis and render human cortical neurons vulnerable to excitotoxicity. J. Neurosci. 12, 376–389. 15. Curtain, C.C., Ali, F., Volitakis, I., et al. (2001) Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta binds copper and zinc to generate an allosterically ordered membrane-penetrating structure containing superoxide dismutase-like subunits. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 20466–20473. 16. Dong, J., Atwood, C.S., Anderson, V.E., et al. (2003) Metal binding and oxidation of amyloid-beta within isolated senile plaque cores: Raman microscopic evidence. Biochemistry 42, 2768–2773. 17. Pike, C.J., Walencewicz-Wasserman, A.J., Kosmoski, J., Cribbs, D.H., Glabe, C.G. and Cotman, C.W. (1995) Structure-activity analyses of beta-amyloid peptides: contributions of the beta 25–35 region to aggregation and neurotoxicity. J. Neurochem. 64, 253–265. 18. Arispe, N., Rojas, E. and Pollard, H.B. (1993) Alzheimer disease amyloid beta protein forms calcium channels in bilayer membranes: blockade by tromethamine and aluminum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 567–571. 19. Guo, Q., Fu, W., Xie, J., et al. (1998) Par-4 is a mediator of neuronal degeneration associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Nat. Med. 4, 957–962. 20. Wiesner, A. (2004) Detection of tumor markers with ProteinChip technology. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 5, 45–67. 21. Austen, B.M., Frears, E.R. and Davies, H. (2000) The use of seldi proteinchip arrays to monitor production of Alzheimer’s betaamyloid in transfected cells. J. Pept. Sci. 6, 459–469. 22. Bradbury, L.E., LeBlanc, J.F. and McCarthy, D.B. (2004) ProteinChip array-based amyloid beta assays. Methods Mol. Biol. 264, 245–257. 23. Maddalena, A.S., Papassotiropoulos, A., Gonzalez-Agosti, C., et al. (2004) Cerebrospinal fluid profile of amyloid beta peptides in patients with Alzheimer’s disease determined by protein biochip technology. Neurodegener. Dis. 1, 231–235.
86 Giannakis et al. 24. Bitan, G., Lomakin, A. and Teplow, D. B. (2001) Amyloid beta-protein oligomerization: prenucleation interactions revealed by photo-induced cross-linking of unmodified proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 35176–35184. 25. Pirttilä, T., Kim, K.S., Mehta, P.D., Frey, H. and Wisniewski, H.M. (1994) Soluble amyloid �-protein in the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and controls. J. Neurol. Sci. 127, 90–95. 26. Ida, N., Hartmann, T., Pantel, J., et al. (1996) Analysis of heterogeneous A4 peptides in human cerebrospinal fluid and blood by a newly developed sensitive Western blot assay. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22908–22914. 27. Jensen, M., Hartmann, T., Engvall, B., et al. (2000) Quantification of Alzheimer amyloid beta peptides ending at residues 40 and 42 by novel ELISA systems. Mol. Med. 6, 291–302. 28. Barelli, H., Lebeau, A., Vizzavona, J., et al. (1997) Characterization of new polyclonal antibodies specific for 40 and 42 amino acid-long amyloid beta peptides: their use to examine the cell biology of presenilins and the immunohistochemistry of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy cases. Mol. Med. 3, 695–707.
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Peptide-Based Drug Design
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METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TM Pep
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Preface Natural products chemistry
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Contents Preface...................
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Contributors Nikolinka Antcheva •
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Contributors xi Alessandro Tossi
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2 Otvos advance of computer power a
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4 Otvos see derivatives active in b
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6 Otvos was designed based on ligan
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8 Otvos 27. Borghouts, C., Kunz, C.
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10 Bulet Key Words: Invertebrate im
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12 Bulet 6. 5 �L or higher volume
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14 Bulet 2.5.2.1. MALDI-TOF-MS 1. M
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16 Bulet 7. Small-volume low-protei
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18 Bulet 3. Centrifuge between 8000
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20 Bulet internal diameter). Increa
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22 Bulet interest. As no instrument
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24 Bulet 3. Incubate the plates in
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26 Bulet bioactive peptides from th
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28 Bulet 21. Chernysh, S., Kim, S.I
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3 Sequence Analysis of Antimicrobia
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Sequence Analysis of Antimicrobial
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- Page 126 and 127: 116 Copps et al. Fig. 1. Potential
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- Page 130 and 131: 120 Copps et al. 10. In accordance
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- Page 138 and 139: 128 Hilpert et al. Key Words: Scree
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136 Hilpert et al. methods primaril
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138 Hilpert et al. Table 2 (Continu
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140 Hilpert et al. Table 2 (Continu
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142 Hilpert et al. Table 2 (Continu
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144 Hilpert et al. Table 3 Summary
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146 Hilpert et al. Table 3 (Continu
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148 Hilpert et al. of substituting
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150 Hilpert et al. in models that c
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152 Hilpert et al. than control. Gi
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154 Hilpert et al. Table 4 Accuracy
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156 Hilpert et al. 25. Pini, A., Gi
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158 Hilpert et al. 55. Giacometti,
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9 Investigating the Mode of Action
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides
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10 Serum Stability of Peptides Håv
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Serum Stability of Peptides 179 2.
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Serum Stability of Peptides 181 9.
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Serum Stability of Peptides 183 �
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Serum Stability of Peptides 185 13.
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11 Preparation of Glycosylated Amin
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 1
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 2
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 2
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 2
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Glycosylated Amino Acid Synthesis 2
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12 Synthesis of O-Phosphopeptides o
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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Solid-Phase Synthesis of O-Phosphop
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13 Peptidomimetics: Fmoc Solid-Phas
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Peptidomimetics 225 O O R S N H Pep
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Peptidomimetics 227 not without its
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Peptidomimetics 229 Oxidation step:
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Peptidomimetics 231 of peptidosulfo
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Peptidomimetics 233 8. Allow the re
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Peptidomimetics 235 3.3.2. Solid-Ph
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Peptidomimetics 237 On the other ha
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Peptidomimetics 239 nitrogen (73).
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Peptidomimetics 241 3. Cover the re
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Peptidomimetics 243 efficient synth
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Peptidomimetics 245 55. Alsina, J.,
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14 Synthesis of Toll-Like Receptor-
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Lipopeptides 249 2. Materials 2.1.
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Lipopeptides 251 Fig. 1. Structural
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Lipopeptides 253 8. To enable lipid
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Lipopeptides 255 Representative res
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Lipopeptides 257 Fig. 2. Immunogeni
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Lipopeptides 259 8. A large plastic
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Lipopeptides 261 26. Nardin, E.H.,
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264 Otvos response, synthetic pepti
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266 Otvos Fig. 3. Schematic present
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268 Otvos 3. Methods The main goal
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270 Otvos 3.2.3. Purification and Q
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272 Otvos 6. Meyer, D., and Torres,
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16 Cysteine-Containing Fusion Tag f
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Targeted Therapeutic and Imaging Ag
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Index A A� peptides aggregation a
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Index 297 phosphopeptides influenci
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Index 299 for genetically synthetic
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Index 301 peptidosulfonamide, disad
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Index 303 solid phase, 180, 214 sul