(Percidae: Etheostoma), with Descriptions of Five New Species

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24 Bulletin 30 NOVEMBER 1, 2012Cheatham County, Tennessee, 25 April 1993, S. R. Laymanand E. B. Jones.Paratypes.—UAIC 10707.01 (14; 33.6–38.9 mm SL),same data as holotype; UAIC 9863.26 (19; 29.8–37.9),USNM 328260 (4; 34.0–38.8), UT 91.4452 (4; 35.3–40.5),SIUC 22877 (4; 35.9–37.3), same locality data as holotype,21 May 1990, S. R. Layman, B. R. Kuhajda, and R.M. Wood; UMMZ 175059 (10; 29.7–37.8), Red R. on staterd. just SE Keysburg, Kentucky, Robertson County, Tennessee,21 June 1957, C. R. Gilbert and F. A. Gilbert; CU37282 (12; 33.5–42.8), East Fork Stones R. at US Hwy 231,9.6 km N Murfreesboro, Rutherford County, Tennessee,26 March 1961, W. J. Richards, N. R. Foster, and L. W.Knapp; INHS 87340 (4; 37.4–39.4), East Fork Stones R. 1.6km NW Readyville, Rutherford County, Tennessee, 6 May1981, M. E. Retzer and L. M. Page.Diagnosis.—A member of the subgenus Doration. Breedingmale distinguished by: spinous dorsal fin with bluemarginal and submedial bands, orange medial band, basalband with bright orange pigment; soft dorsal, caudal, andpectoral fins with distinct bright orange spots on rays; softdorsal and anal fins with blue in base of fin; anal fin withdistinct orange spots on rays; face and lower head tangerineorange with blue on operculum, preoperculum, cheek,and suborbital bar (not on lips and mid-gular region);quadrate lateral blue blotches extending ventrad from lateralline scale row; basicaudal blue bar extending from dorsalto ventral margin of caudal fin. Frenum absent. Lateralline incomplete, unpored scales modally>10 (11). Cheeknaked or nearly naked. Palatine teeth absent. Dorsal finspines modally 12; dorsal soft rays modally 11. Anal fin softrays modally 8–9. Pectoral fin rays modally 14. Principalcaudal fin rays modally 15. Caudal peduncle scales modally16. Preoperculomandibular canal pores modally 10.Locus sIdh-A fixed for allele f (Layman, 1994).Description.—Males average larger than females; largestmale 42.8 mm SL, largest female 41.2 mm SL. Sexesexhibit significant dimorphism (P
Layman & Mayden Morphological Diversity and Phylogenetics of the Darter subgenus Doration (Percidae: Etheostoma) 25hourglass-shaped saddles. A color plate of the breedingmale of this species also appears in Kuehne andBarbour (1983).Tuberculation.—Pelvic fins with usually narrow lowridges on rays 1–3 and small rounded tubercles on medial-distalportions of rays 3–5. Anal fin spines and rays1–2 or 1–4 usually with tubercular ridges; all other raysdominated by distinct rounded tubercles. Tubercles mayalso develop on ventral body scales. At maximum development,rounded to crescent-shaped tubercles occur on upto 7 midventral scale rows on posterior two-thirds of belly,1–2 scale rows above anal fin base, and 3- 4 midventralscale rows on caudal peduncle. Tuberculate males havebeen found in collections from 15 March (RockcastleRiver, Rockcastle County, Kentucky) to 24 May (East ForkStones River, Rutherford County, Tennessee), with weaktubercles detected as late as 13 June (Buck Creek, PulaskiCounty, Tennessee).Distribution.—Etheostoma gore occurs in the CumberlandRiver drainage below Cumberland Falls from RockcastleRiver in Kentucky downstream to Red River in Kentuckyand Tennessee (Fig. 5). It appears to be absent fromCaney Fork River, a major southern tributary in MiddleTennessee, but specimens of E. stigmaeum reported byKirsch (1893) from lower Caney Fork River (dispositionunknown) probably represented this species rather thanE. akatulo, which is endemic to the system above GreatFalls (Layman et al., 1993; Layman and Mayden, 2009).Etheostoma gore was once thought to have been sympatric inEast Fork Stones River with an undescribed E. jessiae-likeform (Howell, 1968; 1980a), but the single record of thelatter was shown to be invalid as a result of a catalogingerror (Layman, 1994).Etymology.— The common name Cumberland darterrefers to the species’ endemic distribution in the CumberlandRiver drainage. The species epithet is a noun in appositionthat honors Al Gore, the 45 th Vice President ofthe United States of America (Fig. 13), serving with PresidentBill Clinton, and his environmental vision, commitment,and accomplishments throughout decades of publicservice and his role in educating the public and raisingawareness on the issue of global climate change.
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